「Part 10」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

LearnAndRecord 2020-10-07

综合分析国内外形势，我国发展面临的机遇和挑战并存。
A comprehensive analysis of how things stand at home and abroad tells us that China, in its development, faces both opportunities and challenges.

世界经济有望继续复苏，但不稳定不确定因素很多，

We can expect continued recovery of the global economy, but there are also many factors that bring instability and uncertainty.

注：

继续复苏

continued recovery

不稳定不确定因素

factors that bring instability and uncertainty

主要经济体政策调整及其外溢效应带来变数，

The policy changes of the major economies and their spillover effects create uncertainty;

注：

主要经济体

the major economies

外溢效应

spillover effects

带来变数

create uncertainty

保护主义加剧，地缘政治风险上升。

protectionism is mounting, and geopolitical risks are on the ascent.

注：

地缘政治风险

geopolitical risks

上升

be on the ascent

我国经济正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期，

China's economy is now in a pivotal period in the transformation of its growth model, its structural improvement, and its shift to new growth drivers.

注：

攻关期

a pivotal period

转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力

the transformation of its growth model, its structural improvement, and its shift to new growth drivers

pivotal：central and important 关键性的，核心的

a pivotal figure/role/idea
关键人物／角色／想法

还有很多坡要爬、坎要过，

There are still many hills to climb and gorges to cross;

需要应对可以预料和难以预料的风险挑战。

we will have to face risks and challenges, some foreseeable and others not.

实践表明，中国的发展成就从来都是在攻坚克难中取得的。

In fact it's always been the case that China's achievements in development have been made whilst overcoming difficulties.

注：

中国的发展成就从来都是在攻坚克难中取得的

China's achievements in development have been made whilst overcoming difficulties

whilst：同while。

whilst主要用于书面或正式场合，while主要是生活、口头用语。

whilst主要用于英式英语，美国人基本上只认while，所以行文中用whilst的外国人多数是英国人或欧洲人。——来源于网络

当前我国物质技术基础更加雄厚，

Today, China's material and technological foundations are much stronger;

注：

物质技术基础

material and technological foundations

产业体系完备、市场规模巨大、人力资源丰富、创业创新活跃，

its industrial system is complete, its market is vast, its human resources are abundant, and its entrepreneurs and innovators are dynamic.

综合优势明显，有能力有条件实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续的发展。

We enjoy composite advantages, and all this means that we have the ability and the conditions to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development.

注：

综合优势

composite advantages

有能力有条件

have the ability and the conditions to

更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续的发展

higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development

今年发展主要预期目标是：

Based on the above considerations, we have set the following projected targets for development this year:

注：

预期目标

projected targets

国内生产总值增长6.5%左右；

• GDP growth of around 6.5 percent

注：

国内生产总值

GDP (gross domestic product)

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；

• CPI increase of around 3 percent

注：

居民消费价格

CPI (consumer price index)

城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%以内，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；

• Over 11 million new urban jobs, the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent, and the registered urban jobless rate within 4.5 percent

注：

城镇新增就业

new urban jobs

城镇调查失业率

the surveyed urban unemployment rate

城镇登记失业率

the registered urban jobless rate

居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步；

• Basic parity in personal income growth and economic growth

注：

居民收入增长

personal income growth

进出口稳中向好，国际收支基本平衡；

• A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

注：

基本平衡

a basic equilibrium in

equilibrium [.iːkwɪ'lɪbriəm]

1) a state of balance 平衡；均衡

the country's economic equilibrium
该国经济的均衡发展

2) a calm mental state （心情或情绪的）平静，安宁；心理平衡

Yoga is said to restore one's inner equilibrium.
据说练瑜伽可以使人恢复内心的平静。

单位国内生产总值能耗下降3%以上，主要污染物排放量继续下降；

• A drop of at least 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants

注：

单位国内生产总值能耗

energy consumption per unit of GDP

主要污染物

major pollutants

供给侧结构性改革取得实质性进展，宏观杠杆率保持基本稳定，各类风险有序有效防控。

• Substantive progress in supply-side structural reform, basically stable macro leverage, and systematic and effective prevention and control of risk

注：

(各类)风险有序有效防控

systematic and effective prevention and control of risk

上述主要预期目标，考虑了决胜全面建成小康社会需要，

The above targets take into consideration the need to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects,

注：

决胜全面建成小康社会

secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects

符合我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段实际。

and are fitting given the fact that China's economy is transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development.

注：

高速增长阶段

a phase of rapid growth

高质量发展阶段

a stage of high-quality development

从经济基本面和就业吸纳能力看，6.5%左右的增速可以实现比较充分的就业。

Given our economic fundamentals and capacity for job creation, GDP growth of around 6.5 percent will enable us to achieve relatively full employment.

注：

经济基本面

economic fundamentals

就业吸纳能力

capacity for job creation

实现比较充分的就业

achieve relatively full employment

城镇调查失业率涵盖农民工等城镇常住人口，

The surveyed urban unemployment rate covers rural migrant workers and other permanent urban residents.

注：

农民工

rural migrant workers

城镇常住人口

permanent urban residents

今年首次把这一指标作为预期目标，

This year, for the first time we are using this indicator as a projected target;

以更全面反映就业状况，更好体现共享发展要求。

this is intended to give a fuller picture of employment and to better reflect the requirement that development that* is to be shared by everyone.

注：

更全面反映就业状况

give a fuller picture of employment

*此处好像有点问题...

今年要继续创新和完善宏观调控，把握好宏观调控的度，

This year, we will continue to develop new ways of improving macro regulation and ensure that the degree of macro regulation is right.

注：

创新和完善宏观调控

develop new ways of improving macro regulation

保持宏观政策连续性稳定性，

We will maintain the continuity and consistency of macro policies,

注：

连续性稳定性

the continuity and consistency of

加强财政、货币、产业、区域等政策协调配合。

and better coordinate fiscal, monetary, industrial, regional, and other policies.

积极的财政政策取向不变，要聚力增效。

The proactive direction of our fiscal policy will remain the same, and we will concentrate efforts to increase efficiency.

注：

积极的财政政策取向

proactive direction of our fiscal policy

聚力增效

concentrate efforts to increase efficiency

今年赤字率拟按2.6%安排，比去年预算低0.4个百分点；

This year's deficit as a percentage of GDP is projected to be 2.6 percent, 0.4 percentage point lower than last year.

注：

赤字率

deficit as a percentage of GDP/ the deficit-to-GDP ratio

财政赤字2.38万亿元，其中中央财政赤字1.55万亿元，地方财政赤字8300亿元。

The government deficit is projected to be 2.38 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.55 trillion yuan and local government deficit of 0.83 trillion yuan.

调低赤字率，主要是我国经济稳中向好、财政增收有基础，

The reduction in the deficit-to-GDP ratio is mainly due to China's economic growth being steady and the foundation being there for an increase in revenue;

也为宏观调控留下更多政策空间。

it also keeps policy options open for macro regulation.

今年全国财政支出21万亿元，支出规模进一步加大。

Government expenditure is budgeted at 21 trillion yuan, representing a further increase in the scale of spending.

中央对地方一般性转移支付增长10.9%，增强地方特别是中西部地区财力。

The central government will increase general transfer payments to local governments by 10.9 percent, to strengthen local finances, especially in the central and western regions.

注：

见「Part 5」 :一般性转移支付是指中央政府对有财力缺口的地方政府（主要是中西部地区），按照规范的办法给予的补助。

(中央对地方)一般性转移支付

general transfer payments (from central to local government)

专项转移支付

special purpose transfer payments

优化财政支出结构，提高财政支出的公共性、普惠性，

We will improve the structure of budgetary spending, making sure that more financial allocations are used for the public good and universal benefit,

注：

财政支出结构

the structure of budgetary spending

提高财政支出的公共性、普惠性

more financial allocations are used for the public good and universal benefit

加大对三大攻坚战的支持，

increasing support for the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution,

注：

“三大攻坚战”是指防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治，是2018年政府工作报告中首次提出的新表述。

the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution

更多向创新驱动、“三农”、民生等领域倾斜。

and weighting spending toward innovation-driven development, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and the improvement of living standards.

注：

创新驱动(发展)

innovation-driven development

“三农”

agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents

(改善)民生

the improvement of living standards

当前财政状况出现好转，各级政府仍要坚持过紧日子，执守简朴、力戒浮华，严控一般性支出，

Although the government finances are improving, government at all levels must keep its belt tightened, keep things as simple as possible, abstain from all excess, and strictly control general expenditures,

注：

过紧日子

keep its belt tightened

执守简朴、力戒浮华

keep things as simple as possible, abstain from all excess

严控一般性支出

strictly control general expenditures

把宝贵的资金更多用于为发展增添后劲、为民生雪中送炭。

so that these precious funds are used to add growth drivers for sustaining development and meet people's most urgent needs.

注：

为发展增添后劲

add growth drivers for sustaining development