93岁英女王或于后年退休

近日，据外媒报道，93岁的英国女王伊丽莎白二世（Queen Elizabeth II），或于2021年（95岁时）退休，由长子查尔斯（Prince Charles）担任摄政王。

近年来，英国女王已逐渐减少公务活动次数，退休传闻已经不是第一次出现。自1952年2月6日即位，1953年6月2日加冕以来，伊丽莎白二世（Queen Elizabeth II）已经在位60余年，是目前英国历史上在位时间最长的君主。

表示“承担（责任）；担任，就（职）；取得（权力）；呈现，具有”，英文解释为“to take or begin to have responsibility or control, sometimes without the right to do so, or to begin to have a characteristic”举个🌰：

The new president assumes office at midnight tonight.

新总统在今晚午夜就职。

表示“王位；王权；帝位”，英文解释为“the position of being a king or queen”举个🌰：

Queen Elizabeth came/succeeded to the throne in 1952.

伊丽莎白女王于1952年即位/登基。

monarch /ˈmɒnək/表示“君主”，英文解释为“The monarch of a country is the king, queen, emperor, or empress.”

weigh/ weigh up，表示“仔细考虑；权衡；掂量”，英文解释为“to carefully consider, especially by comparing facts or possibilities, in order to make a decision”，权衡利弊 weigh up the pros and cons = consider the advantages and disadvantages of sth，举个🌰：

I weighed the benefits of the plan against the risks involved.

我认真权衡了这个计划的优点和有关的风险。

Majesty表示“（对国王、女王或王后的尊称）陛下”，英文解释为“the title used to speak to or about a king or queen  I was invited to tea with Her Majesty th”举个🌰：

I was invited to tea with Her Majesty the Queen.

我受邀与女王陛下共进下午茶。

The performance begins at eight o'clock, (Your) Majesty.

演出8点半开始，陛下。

表示“王权，君权；王国政府”，英文解释为“the royal governing power of a country that has a king or queen”，如：a minister of the Crown 王国政府的一位大臣。

crown作名词本身即表示“皇冠；王冠；冠”（A crown is a circular ornament, usually made of gold and jewels, which a king or queen wears on their head at official ceremonies. You can also use crown to refer to anything circular that is worn on someone's head.）

crown作动词时，则可以表示“为…加冕；立…为君主”（to put a crown on someone's head in an official ceremony that makes that person king or queen）举个🌰：

Queen Elizabeth II was crowned (queen) (= made queen in a special ceremony) in 1953.

伊丽莎白女王二世于1953年加冕。

补充：

coronation /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/表示“加冕典礼，加冕”（a ceremony at which a person is made king or queen）。

表示“顺利的；连续的”，英文解释为“happening without any sudden changes, interruption, or difficulty”举个🌰：

The intention is to achieve a seamless transition with a continuity of management.

目地是通过保持管理层连续性实现顺利的转变。

seamless本身含义是“无缝的”（without any seams (= lines of sewing joining different pieces of cloth)），如：a seamless garment 无缝衣服。

作名词时，表示“君主统治时期；任期；为王，为君；当政；统治”，英文解释为“the period of time when a king or queen rules a country；a period when a particular person, feeling, or quality is very important or has a strong influence”，如：in/during the reign of Charles II 在查理二世统治期间。

表示“退位”，英文解释为“If a king or queen abdicates, he or she gives up being king or queen.”举个🌰：

The last French king was Louis Philippe, who abdicated in 1848.

最后一位法国国王是路易斯·菲利普, 退位于1848年。

表示“摄政者；摄政王”，英文解释为“a person who rules a country because the king or queen is too young, old, ill/sick, etc.”

heir /ɛə/ 表示“继承人；后嗣”，英文解释为“a person who will legally receive money, property, or a title from another person, especially an older member of the same family, when that other person dies”，注意，单数时，heir前用an，而不是a.

类似的还有：heiress“女继承人，嗣女”（a woman or girl who will receive or already has received a lot of money, property, or a title from another person, especially an older member of the same family, when that person dies）

表示“减少，削减，缩减”，英文解释为“to spend less, do less, or use less of something”举个🌰：

If exercise is causing you pain, you should cut back.

如果运动让你觉得疼，就应该减量。

表示“完全失败；极为糟糕”，英文解释为“something that fails completely or goes extremely badly”，train wreck也可以直接作为名词短语，举个🌰：

The movie was a train wreck.

那部电影极为糟糕。

有点像我们常说的，“翻车”，类似的也可以用car crash，举个🌰：

At that time my private life was a car crash.

那时候我个人的生活及其糟糕。

注：此前安德鲁王子（Prince Andrew）遭到性侵指控。11月14日，他接受BBC采访时进行否认，结果“越描越黑”。

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