REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

政府工作报告

Delivered at the Third Session of the 13th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on May 22, 2020

2020年5月22日 在第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上

Premier of the State Council

国务院总理

- ◆ -

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

注：

近几年来「各位代表」有两种处理方式，除了2017年报告中译为：Esteemed Deputies，2015年、2016年报告、2018年报告以及2019年报告中均译为：Fellow Deputies.

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government.

请予审议，

I ask for your deliberation and approval.

注：

国务院

the State Council

「请予审议」处理为：(ask) for your deliberation and approval；2016年报告中提到：xxx草案提交大会审查，用的是for your review and approval.

📍deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/表示“细想；考虑；商议；审议；讨论”（considering or discussing something），举个🌰：

After two hours of deliberation, he decided to accept their job.

经过两个小时的商议，他决定接受他们的工作。

并请全国政协委员提出意见。

I also ask members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) for their comments.

注：

「请...提出意见」

2015年、2016年报告、2018年报告、2019年报告表述较为相似：I (also) invite comments (on my report) from (the) members of ...；2017年报告中译为：I also wish to have comments on my report from the ...；今年则换成：I also ask members of ... for their comments.

中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会

the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

📍两会具体是哪两会？

1. 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会（NPC）

the National People's Congress (NPC) of the People's Republic of China

2. 中国人民政治协商会议（CPPCC）

the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

这次新冠肺炎疫情，是新中国成立以来我国遭遇的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的公共卫生事件。

The COVID-19 epidemic is the fastest spreading, most extensive, and most challenging public health emergency China has encountered since the founding of the People’s Republic.

注：

公共卫生事件

public health emergency

📍公共卫生事件的「事件」没有用event而是直接用emergency，作名词时本身可以表示“突发事件；紧急情况”（a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it）

在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，

Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core,

注：

以xxx为核心

with xxx at one's core

xxx 同志

Comrade xxx

在...坚强领导下

under the firm / strong leadership of

党中央

the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

📍「党中央」下文出现另一种说法是the Party Central Committee，还有2019年报告中同样是这一句就处理为firm和the Party Central Committee，原句：Under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core,

经过全国上下和广大人民群众艰苦卓绝努力并付出牺牲，疫情防控取得重大战略成果。

and through the hard work and sacrifice of our entire nation, we have made major strategic achievements in our response to COVID-19.

注：

取得重大战略成果

make major strategic achievements

当前，疫情尚未结束，发展任务异常艰巨。

At present, the epidemic has not yet come to an end, while the tasks we face in promoting development are immense.

注：

尚未结束

have not yet come to an end

任务异常艰巨

the tasks are immense

📍immense /ɪˈmɛns/表示“极大的；巨大的；无限的”（extremely large or great in size or degree），如：immense wealth/value 巨大的财富/价值，an immense amount of work  to be done 大量工作要做。

要努力把疫情造成的损失降到最低，努力完成今年经济社会发展目标任务。

We must redouble our efforts to minimize the losses resulting from the virus and fulfill the targets and tasks for economic and social development this year.

注：

经济社会发展

economic and social development

降低...造成的损失

minimize the losses resulting from ...

努力做某事

redouble one's efforts to do

完成...目标任务

fulfill the targets and tasks for ... / accomplish the targets and tasks

📍这里的完成用的是动词fulfill，下文则用accomplish；2019年报告中提到「完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务」（已经完成）时，用的也是被动的be accomplished，原句：The year's main targets for economic and social development were accomplished.

⚠️顺便提一句，fulfill = fulfil，一个是美式，一个是英式拼写。

一、2019年和今年以来工作回顾

I. A review of our work in 2019 and the first few months of 2020

去年，我国发展面临诸多困难挑战。

In pursuing development last year, China faced many difficulties and challenges.

注：

面临诸多困难挑战

face many difficulties and challenges

面临...，动词除了face还有用encounter这个词。

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：我国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，...。In pursuing development this year, China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kind rarely seen in many years,

2018年报告：面对极其错综复杂的国内外形势, ...。Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, ...

2017年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.

2016年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.

2015年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging.

世界经济增长低迷，

World economic growth was weak,

国际经贸摩擦加剧，

international economic and trade frictions intensified,

国内经济下行压力加大。

and downward pressure on the domestic economy grew.

注：

下行压力

downward pressure

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：经济出现新的下行压力 its economy came under new downward pressure.

2018年报告：部分地区经济下行压力较大，some regions still face considerable downward economic pressure.

2017年报告：经济下行压力加大 mounting downward pressure on the economy

2016年报告：经济下行压力加大 downward pressure on the economy was mounting.

以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全国各族人民攻坚克难，完成全年主要目标任务，为全面建成小康社会打下决定性基础。

The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core rallied the Chinese people and led them in surmounting difficulties and accomplishing the year’s main targets and tasks, thus laying the crucial foundation needed to reach the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

注：

全面建成小康社会

building a moderately prosperous society in all respects

攻坚克难

surmounting difficulties

📍surmount 表示“克服；解决”（to deal successfully with a difficulty），举个🌰：

I was well aware of the difficulties that had to be surmounted.

我很清楚必须克服哪些困难。

——经济运行总体平稳。

The economy remained stable overall.

注：

往年说法一般是「经济运行保持在合理区间」。

2019年报告：The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range.

2018年报告：kept major indicators within an appropriate range.

2017年报告：thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.

2016年报告：The economy operated within an appropriate range.

2015年报告：“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。 The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range.

国内生产总值达到99.1万亿元，增长6.1%。

Gross domestic product (GDP) reached 99.1 trillion yuan, representing a 6.1 percent increase over the previous year.

注：

国内生产总值

gross domestic product (GDP)

📍represent大家最熟悉的意思是「代表」，此处解释为“等于；相当于；意味着”（to be the result of something, or to be something）举个🌰：

The new offer represents 15% of the company's annual revenue.

新报价相当于公司15%的年收入。

城镇新增就业1352万人，

Around 13.52 million new urban jobs were added,

调查失业率在5.3%以下。

and the surveyed unemployment rate was below 5.3 percent.

注：

调查失业率

the surveyed unemployment rate

居民消费价格上涨2.9%。

Consumer prices rose by 2.9 percent.

国际收支基本平衡。

A basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.

注：

2019年报告中颠倒了下顺序：In the balance of payments a basic equilibrium was maintained.

📍equilibrium /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm/ 表示“平衡；均衡”（a balance between different people, groups, or forces that compete with each other, so that none is stronger than the others and a situation is not likely to change suddenly）举个🌰：

Any disturbance to the body's state of equilibrium can produce stress.

对身体平衡状态的任何干扰都可能产生压力。

——经济结构和区域布局继续优化。

The economic structure continued to improve, and the development priorities of regions are better aligned.

社会消费品零售总额超过40万亿元，

Total retail sales of consumer goods exceeded 40 trillion yuan,

消费持续发挥主要拉动作用。

and consumption continued to serve as the main engine driving growth.

注：

「类似表述对比」

2017年报告：消费在经济增长中发挥主要拉动作用。Consumption was the main driver of economic growth.

2019年报告：消费拉动经济增长作用进一步增强。 Consumption continued to play an increasing role in driving economic growth.

先进制造业、现代服务业较快增长。

Advanced manufacturing and modern services registered rapid growth.

注：

2018年报告中同样出现了register这么一个表达，原句：国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%，China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent;

📍register一词，我们常见的含义是「注册，登记」，此处有“显示；指示；表达”的含义（to record, show, or express something）举个🌰：

The counter registered a dangerous level of radioactivity.

计数器显示辐射强度达到了危险级别。

粮食产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上。

Grain output was kept above 650 million metric tons.

注：

粮食（总）产量

grain output

📍metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）

1.3万亿斤 = 650 million metric tons

注意单位的换算：1公吨=1000公斤

常住人口城镇化率首次超过60%，

For the first time, permanent urban residents exceeded 60 percent of the population;

重大区域战略深入实施。

progress was made in implementing major development strategies for regions.

——发展新动能不断增强。

New growth drivers became stronger.

注：

发展新动能

new growth drivers

2019年报告中类似表述：发展新动能快速成长 New growth drivers grew rapidly.

科技创新取得一批重大成果。

A number of major innovative achievements were made in science and technology.

新兴产业持续壮大，

Emerging industries continued to grow;

传统产业加快升级。

upgrading in traditional industries accelerated.

大众创业万众创新深入开展，企业数量日均净增1万户以上。

Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide, with an average net increase of over 10,000 businesses per day.

注：

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：大众创业万众创新深入推进，Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide,

2018年报告：大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，Business startups and innovation are thriving all over the country,

2017年报告：大众创业、万众创新广泛开展，People were busy launching businesses or making innovations,

——改革开放迈出重要步伐。

Major headway was made in reform and opening up.

供给侧结构性改革继续深化，

Supply-side structural reform was further advanced,

注：

改革开放

reform and opening up

供给侧结构性改革

Supply-side structural reform

迈出重要步伐

major headway was made in ...

继续深化

be further advanced

持续壮大

continue to grow

重要领域改革取得新突破。

and breakthroughs in reform were made in key areas.

减税降费2.36万亿元，超过原定的近2万亿元规模，制造业和小微企业受益最多。

We cut taxes and fees by 2.36 trillion yuan, going well beyond our target of two trillion yuan, with manufacturing and micro and small businesses benefiting most.

注：

减税降费

cut taxes and fees

小微企业

micro and small businesses

政府机构改革任务完成。

The reform of government bodies was completed.

注：

政府机构改革

the reform of government bodies

“放管服”改革纵深推进。

Reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services were steadily advanced.

注：

纵深推进

be steadily advanced

「放管服」：简政放权、放管结合、优化服务

streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services

2018年报告：streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and optimize services.

2017年报告：streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services.

2016年报告：streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.

设立科创板。

The Science and Technology Innovation Board, or STAR Market, was established.

共建“一带一路”取得新成效。

The joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) yielded fresh results.

注：

科创板

The Science and Technology Innovation Board, or STAR Market

一带一路

the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

取得新成效

yield fresh results

出台外商投资法实施条例，

Regulations for the implementation of the Foreign Investment Law were adopted,

注：

外商投资法实施条例

Regulations for the implementation of the Foreign Investment Law

增设上海自贸试验区新片区。

and the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone Lin’gang New Area was established.

外贸外资保持稳定。

Foreign trade and investment remained stable.

——三大攻坚战取得关键进展。

Pivotal progress was achieved in the three critical battles.

农村贫困人口减少1109万，贫困发生率降至0.6%，脱贫攻坚取得决定性成就。

Decisive achievements were made in poverty alleviation – the rural poor population was reduced by 11.09 million, and the poverty headcount ratio fell to 0.6 percent.

注：

贫困发生率

the poverty headcount ratio

取得决定性成就

decisive achievements were made

污染防治持续推进，主要污染物排放量继续下降，生态环境总体改善。

Pollution prevention and control efforts continued, with further reductions in the discharge of major pollutants and overall improvements in the environment.

金融运行总体平稳。

The financial sector remained stable.

——民生进一步改善。

Living standards continued to improve.

注：

民生

living standards

居民人均可支配收入超过3万元。

Per capita disposable personal income topped 30,000 yuan.

基本养老、医疗、低保等保障水平提高。

Basic old-age insurance, health insurance, and subsistence allowance standards were raised.

城镇保障房建设和农村危房改造深入推进。

Further progress was made in the construction of urban government-subsidized housing and the rebuilding of dilapidated houses in rural areas.

注：

危房

dilapidated houses

📍dilapidated /dɪˈlæpɪˌdeɪtɪd/表示“年久失修的，破败的，破旧的”（old and in poor condition）

义务教育学生生活补助人数增加近40%，

The number of students in compulsory education receiving living allowances increased by almost 40 percent,

高职院校扩招100万人。

and enrollments at vocational colleges grew by one million.

注：

义务教育

compulsory education

生活补助

living allowances

高职院校

vocational colleges

「未完待续」

「持续更新中」

公众号内发送具体年份

如2015或2016或2017或2018或2019

查看相应学习笔记

本系列笔记首发自微信公众号：LearnAndRecord

转载请务必私信联系授权，侵权必究！

- 📖 -

拖延症的你，

去年、前年、大前年的报告打印完看了吗？

今年就和LR一起来打卡学习啃报告吧！

加入方式：后台对话框处发送「1」

- END -