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无注释原文：

Plastic Surgery Tourism Brings Chinese to South Korea

The New York Times

Liu Liping and two college friends recently toured Seoul on a monthlong vacation funded in part by their parents. They saw the sights. They went shopping.

One night, the three young Chinese women visited the latest hot spot: a plastic surgery clinic.

Ms. Liu, 24, wanted to have her jaw broken and restructured to get a V-shaped face. Dr. Kim Tae-gyu at Braun Plastic Surgery suggested something less drastic. “But look! I have huge bones, I need to do it,” Ms. Liu protested. They settled on removing several millimeters of bone from her chin and cheekbones. Her friends, Wu Haiyan, 26, and Jin Meilan, 25, considered nose jobs.

Cosmetic surgery, pervasive in South Korea, is now the must-do activity for many Chinese visitors.

The lights stay on all night in the Gangnam district, where plastic surgery clinics line the streets. Signs in Chinese beckon visitors. Once they are inside, translators stand ready.

Seizing an opportunity to tap the steady and ubiquitous flow of China’s newly rich who are traveling overseas, South Korea’s government is promoting the country as a place to shop, eat, stay — and perhaps get a nip and a tuck.

And the Chinese, mainly women, are visiting in droves for body modifications, from the minor, like double eyelid surgery, to the extreme, like facial restructuring. While plastic surgery is common in China, South Korean hospitals are perceived to be safer and more hygienic, albeit pricier.

“When the Chinese come to the stores, they empty them,” said Kim Soo-jin, a representative at the medical tourism unit of the Korean tourism office. “If we can turn them into medical tourists, they are more likely to stay longer. They will eat one more meal, buy one more thing and go to another site.”

The South Korean government is setting aside as much as $4 million a year to help promote the medical tourism industry, which is dominated by plastic surgeons. It expects one million medical tourists a year by 2020, up from 211,218 last year, with Chinese travelers representing the largest segment.

Tour operators sell travel deals that include shopping, sightseeing and plastic surgery. Premier packages include a stretch limo for the ride from the hotel to the clinic. Licensed brokers take a cut of the total surgery costs, up to 35 percent.

While prices for tourists vary widely, a basic double eyelid surgery can cost more than $900. A plastic surgery trip, with hotel and other activities, can run around $15,000. In general, it is more expensive than in China.

“I’ve seen them coming in with bags of money,” said Dr. Ro Young-woo, a founding partner of a South Korean franchise chain of clinics called Oracle Clinic.

Popular culture has had an influence. Korean television shows and movies are wildly successful in China. Patients often take magazine photos to their consultations.

“We see more assertiveness in Chinese patients than Korean patients,” Dr. Kim Eung-sam, a plastic surgeon and director at the Hershe clinic in Seoul. “They want to look like certain Korean celebrities.”

During their trip, Ms. Liu, Ms. Wu and Ms. Jin planned to see the sights featured in their favorite Korean TV show, “My Love From the Star.” They bought clothes like those worn by the show’s female star, Jeon Ji-hyun. Ms. Jin asked for the same nose as another famous Korean actress, Han Ga-in.

South Korea is building on a tradition of cosmetic surgery. A recent study by the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery estimated that South Korea had the highest rate of cosmetic surgery per capita of any country in the world. Seoul TouchUp, a government-approved medical tourism agency, states in its marketing materials that “Korean women are arguably more objectified by their male counterparts than any other women in the world.”

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注：中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Plastic Surgery Tourism Brings Chinese to South Korea

中国人赴韩国整容，不惜重金不怕风险

The New York Times

Liu Liping and two college friends recently toured Seoul on a monthlong vacation funded in part by their parents. They saw the sights. They went shopping.

韩国首尔——刘丽萍（音）和两个大学好友最近有一个月的假期，她们来到首尔旅行，部分费用由父母提供。她们游览名胜、逛街购物。

表示“为…提供资金；拨款给”，英文解释为“to provide money for sth, usually sth official”举个🌰：

The museum is privately funded.

这家博物馆由私人提供资金。

One night, the three young Chinese women visited the latest hot spot: a plastic surgery clinic.

一个晚上，这三个年轻的中国女孩来到了最新的热门场所：整容诊所。

表示“整形外科，整形手术”，英文解释为“the medical practice of changing the appearance of people’s faces or bodies, either to improve their appearance or to repair injuries”。

表示“诊所”，英文解释为“A clinic is a building where people go to receive medical advice or treatment.”如：a family planning clinic 计划生育诊所。

Ms. Liu, 24, wanted to have her jaw broken and restructured to get a V-shaped face. Dr. Kim Tae-gyu at Braun Plastic Surgery suggested something less drastic. “But look! I have huge bones, I need to do it,” Ms. Liu protested. They settled on removing several millimeters of bone from her chin and cheekbones. Her friends, Wu Haiyan, 26, and Jin Meilan, 25, considered nose jobs.

24岁的刘丽萍想要削骨，做成V字脸。布劳恩整形医院（Braun Plastic Surgery）的金泰奎医生（Kim Tae-gyu，音）建议她做一些不那么巨大的改动。刘丽萍抗议道，“看看！我的骨头好大，我需要削骨。”他们商定好把她下巴尖及颧骨上的骨头去掉几毫米。她的朋友——26岁的吴海燕（音）和25岁的金美兰（音）考虑做鼻子。

jaw表示“下颌，下巴”，英文解释为“the lower part of your face that moves when you open your mouth”，有个词叫jaw-dropping，字面意思就是下巴掉下来，令人震惊，令人惊愕。

📍何同学采访苹果CEO库克文中就提到：Regarding the new ‌Apple Silicon‌ Macs, Cook called the performance of the M1 chip "jaw-dropping," and that "it screams. It's so fast." 关于新的苹果硅Mac，库克称M1芯片的性能“令人惊叹”，“它的速度极快”。

表示“剧烈的，极端的”，英文解释为“A drastic change is a very great change.”举个🌰：

Foreign food aid has led to a drastic reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.

外国的食品援助使得因饥饿而死亡的人数大幅下降。

表示“选定，决定”，英文解释为“If you settle on a particular thing, you choose it after considering other possible choices.”举个🌰：

I finally settled on a Mercedes.

我最后选中了一辆奔驰。

Cosmetic surgery, pervasive in South Korea, is now the must-do activity for many Chinese visitors.

在韩国非常普遍的整容手术，现在已经成为很多中国游客一定要做的事情。

cosmetic /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/本身也可以作形容词，1）表示“装饰门面的，虚饰的，表面的”，英文解释为“Cosmetic changes, etc. are intended to make you believe that something is better when, really, the problem has not been solved.” 举个🌰：

They were offered a few cosmetic improvements to their working conditions, but nothing of significance.

表面上他们的工作环境有所改善，但并没有实质上的改变。

2）表示“整容的”，英文解释为“connected with medical treatment that is intended to improve a person's appearance”如：cosmetic surgery 整容外科。

3）作名词，通常复数cosmetics，表示“化妆品；美容品”（a substance that you put on your face or body to make it more attractive），如：the cosmetics industry 化妆品行业，a cosmetic company 化妆品公司，cosmetic products 化妆产品。

表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情带来的影响的文章中提到：But there will also be residual fear, pervasive uncertainty, a lack of innovative fervour and deepened inequalities. 但同时也会有残留的恐惧感、普遍的不确定性、匮乏的创新激情，以及加剧的不平等。

The lights stay on all night in the Gangnam district, where plastic surgery clinics line the streets. Signs in Chinese beckon visitors. Once they are inside, translators stand ready.

江南区整夜灯火通明，街道两旁有很多整容诊所。有很多吸引中国游客的中文标牌。游客一进入诊所，翻译们就准备就绪了。

表示“沿…排列成行”，英文解释为“If people or things line a road, room, or other place, they are present in large numbers along its edges or sides.”举个🌰：

Thousands of local people lined the streets and clapped as the procession went by.

游行队伍经过时，数以千计的当地人在街上列队并鼓掌。

1）表示“吸引；引诱”，英文解释为“If something beckons, it attracts people.”举个🌰：

For many young people, the bright lights of the city beckon, though a lot of them end up sleeping on the streets.

城市璀璨的灯火吸引了许多年轻人，然而其中许多人却最终落得露宿街头。

2）表示“（向…）点头；（向…）招手；（向…）打手势”，英文解释为“to move your hand or head in a way that tells someone to come nearer”举个🌰：

"Hey you!" she called, beckoning me over with her finger.

“嘿，叫你呢！”她喊道，并用手指示意我过去。

Seizing an opportunity to tap the steady and ubiquitous flow of China's newly rich who are traveling overseas, South Korea's government is promoting the country as a place to shop, eat, stay — and perhaps get a nip and a tuck.

韩国政府抓住这个机会，迎接源源不断的、无处不在的中国出境游新贵，将韩国打造成一个可以购物、享用美食及停留的地方——或许还可以整整容。

1）表示“轻敲；轻拍；轻叩”（to hit sb/sth quickly and lightly）举个🌰：

He tapped at the door.

他轻轻敲门。

2）表示“轻触（手机或平板电脑等给予指令）”（to touch the screen of a phone, tablet computer, etc. in order to give an instruction for something to happen）举个🌰：

You can manage the repeat and shuffle options by tapping the screen once and swiping to the left.

你可以通过轻触一下屏幕向左滑动来使用重复和移动功能。

3）表示“ 在（电话或电报线）上装窃听器；窃听”（to use a small device attached to a phone in order to listen secretly to what people are saying）举个🌰：

He suspected that his phone had been tapped.

他怀疑自己的电话被人窃听了。

4）表示“利用，开发，发掘（已有的资源、知识等）”（to make use of a source of energy, knowledge, etc. that already exists）举个🌰：

We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have.

我们需要利用我们现有人员的专业知识。

🎬电影《头号玩家》（Ready Player One）中的台词提到：This isn't real, you're tapping my feed. 这不是真的 你们拦截了我的信号。

🎬电影《银河护卫队2》（Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2）中的台词提到：She wouldn't even tap her foot. Wouldn't move a muscle. 她也毫不动容 连脚趾头也不动一下。

表示“无所不在的”，英文解释为“If you describe something or someone as ubiquitous, you mean that they seem to be everywhere.”举个🌰：

Sugar is ubiquitous in the diet. 

糖在饮食中到处可见。

表示“整形手术”，相当于plastic surgery，举个🌰：

I suspect she's had a nip and tuck to look like that at her age.

她这个年纪却有着那样的外表，我怀疑她做过整形手术。

补充：

📍a nip (here) and a tuck (there) 表示“一系列小幅缩减”，英文解释为“a series of small reductions”举个🌰：

The department made a nip here and a tuck there, but they were still way over budget.

这个部门实施了一系列小幅缩减，但他们的开支还是远远超出预算。

And the Chinese, mainly women, are visiting in droves for body modifications, from the minor, like double eyelid surgery, to the extreme, like facial restructuring. While plastic surgery is common in China, South Korean hospitals are perceived to be safer and more hygienic, albeit pricier.

中国人成群结队地来到韩国整形，尤其是女性——内容从割双眼皮等小手术到面部重塑等大手术都有。虽然整容手术在中国已经非常普遍，但人们认为韩国医院更安全、更卫生，尽管价格更高。

表示“人群”，英文解释为“If you say that people are going somewhere or doing something in droves, you are emphasizing that there is a very large number of them.”举个🌰：

Scientists are leaving the country in droves.

科学家们正成群地离开这个国家。

1）表示“感知，察觉，注意到，意识到”，英文解释为“to see something or someone, or to notice something that is obvious”举个🌰：

He perceived a tiny figure in the distance.

他注意到远处有个很小的身影。

2）表示“认为；看待；视为”，英文解释为“to come to an opinion about something, or have a belief about something”举个🌰：

How do the French perceive the British?

法国人是如何看待英国人的？

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述比特币的文章中提到：Scarcity is a trait of many things that are perceived to have value. 稀缺性正是许多被视为有价值的事物共有的特征。

表示“尽管；虽然”，英文解释为“although”举个🌰：

He finally agreed, albeit reluctantly, to help us.

尽管勉强，他最后还是同意帮助我们。

“When the Chinese come to the stores, they empty them,” said Kim Soo-jin, a representative at the medical tourism unit of the Korean tourism office. “If we can turn them into medical tourists, they are more likely to stay longer. They will eat one more meal, buy one more thing and go to another site.”

“中国人逛商店时会一扫而空，”韩国旅游局医疗观光部代表金秀真（音）说。“如果能将他们转变成医疗游客，他们可能会在韩国待更长时间。他们会多吃一顿饭，多买一个东西，多去一个地方。”

The South Korean government is setting aside as much as $4 million a year to help promote the medical tourism industry, which is dominated by plastic surgeons. It expects one million medical tourists a year by 2020, up from 211,218 last year, with Chinese travelers representing the largest segment.

韩国政府每年会留出高达400万美元（约合2487万元人民币）的资金，帮助推动医疗旅游业的发展，整形外科医生在该行业占据主导地位。据韩国政府的估计，到2020年，每年赴韩旅游的医疗游客会从去年的211218名增至100万名，中国游客占的比例最大。

1）表示“把…搁在一边；暂缓处理”，英文解释为“to ignore or not think about a particular fact or situation while considering a matter”举个🌰：

Setting aside the question of cost, what do you think of the idea in principle?

先把成本问题搁在一边，理论上讲你觉得这个意见怎样？

2）表示“拨出，留出（金钱或时间）”，英文解释为“to save something, usually money or time, for a special purpose”举个🌰：

I set aside half an hour every evening to learn Japanese.

我每天晚上都留出半个小时学日语。

He had some money in an account that he'd set aside for his kids.

他为孩子们存了一笔钱。

📍纽约时报（The New York Times）一篇讲述我们需要感恩，但不一定在感恩节的文章中提到：After all, if there’s a day on which the benefits of gratitude are maximized, surely it’s the national holiday set aside for the purpose of expressing that emotion. 毕竟，如果某一天感恩的好处被最大化，那这一天一定会是为了表达这种感情而专门设置的国家节日。

3）表示“撤销，驳回（判决）”，英文解释为“If a judge or court sets aside a previous decision or judgment, they state that it does not now have any legal effect, usually because they consider it to have been wrong.”举个🌰：

The Court of Appeal set aside his conviction.

上诉法院撤销了对他的判决。

📍还是纽约时报（The New York Times）一篇讲述孙杨禁赛八年裁决被撤销的文章中提到：The global antidoping body said in an emailed statement that it was aware of the Swiss federal court's decision to set aside Sun's ban. 全球反兴奋剂机构在一份电子邮件声明中表示，它已悉知瑞士联邦法院撤销孙杨禁赛令的决定。

表示“占据支配地位”，英文解释为“To dominate a situation means to be the most powerful or important person or thing in it.”举个🌰：

The book is expected to dominate the best-seller lists.

这本书预期将占据畅销书榜首的位置。

Tour operators sell travel deals that include shopping, sightseeing and plastic surgery. Premier packages include a stretch limo for the ride from the hotel to the clinic. Licensed brokers take a cut of the total surgery costs, up to 35 percent.

旅行社推出包括购物、观光及整容在内的旅游项目。最重要的服务包括乘坐加长版豪车从酒店前往诊所。有执照的经纪人可以从中提成，最多达到手术费用的35%。

premier作名词，“首相，总理”；作为形容词则表示“首位的，首要的”（best or most important），举个🌰：

He's one of the nation's premier scientists.

他是该国最重要的科学家之一。

表示“加长豪华轿车”，英文解释为“A stretch limo is a very long and luxurious car in which a rich, famous, or important person is driven somewhere. ”

1）作名词，表示“经纪人，掮客”，英文解释为“a person who buys and sells foreign money, shares in companies, etc., for other people”；

2）作动词，表示“作为经纪人（或中间人）安排（交易、协议等）”，英文解释为“to arrange something such as a deal, agreement, etc. between two or more groups or countries”举个🌰：

The diplomats have failed in their attempts to broker a ceasefire.

外交官们促成停火的尝试已告失败。

熟词僻义，表示“份，份额（通常指钱）”，英文解释为“a share of something, usually money”举个🌰：

When am I going to get my cut?

我什么时候能拿到我那份钱？

While prices for tourists vary widely, a basic double eyelid surgery can cost more than $900. A plastic surgery trip, with hotel and other activities, can run around $15,000. In general, it is more expensive than in China.

游客支付的费用各不相同，基本的双眼皮手术需要逾900美元。整容之行的费用大约为1.5万美元，其中包括酒店及其他活动的费用，通常比中国贵。

“I've seen them coming in with bags of money,” said Dr. Ro Young-woo, a founding partner of a South Korean franchise chain of clinics called Oracle Clinic.

韩国整容诊所连锁机构奥拉克诊所（Oracle Clinic）的创始合伙人卢永宇（Ro Young-woo，音）说，“我看到他们拿着成袋的现金来诊所。”

franchise /ˈfræntʃaɪz/ 这个词经常出现，前几天在“湖人总冠军！”文中刚出现，这里再复习一下。最常见的意思与“特许经营权”有关，既可以作可数名词，又可以做及物动词。作可数名词时具体表示“（公司授予某人的）特许经营权”，英文解释为“A franchise is an authority that is given by an organization to someone, allowing them to sell its goods or services or to take part in an activity which the organization controls.”比如“建造、运营隧道的特许权”就可以用“the franchise to build and operate the tunnel.”表示。

Popular culture has had an influence. Korean television shows and movies are wildly successful in China. Patients often take magazine photos to their consultations.

流行文化发挥了影响力。韩国的电视节目和电影在中国广受欢迎。病患经常拿着杂志照片进行咨询。

“We see more assertiveness in Chinese patients than Korean patients,” Dr. Kim Eung-sam, a plastic surgeon and director at the Hershe clinic in Seoul. “They want to look like certain Korean celebrities.”

“我们发现中国顾客比韩国顾客更坚定，”首尔赫尔希(Hershe)诊所的整形医生、主任金恩森（Kim Eung-sam，音）说。“他们希望看起来像某些韩国明星。”

During their trip, Ms. Liu, Ms. Wu and Ms. Jin planned to see the sights featured in their favorite Korean TV show, “My Love From the Star.” They bought clothes like those worn by the show's female star, Jeon Ji-hyun. Ms. Jin asked for the same nose as another famous Korean actress, Han Ga-in.

在旅行过程中，刘丽萍、吴海燕和金美兰计划游览她们最喜欢的电视剧《来自星星的你》中出现过的景观。她们购买了与剧中女主角全智贤（Jeon Ji-hyun）所穿服装类似的衣服。金美兰还要求做另一位韩国著名女星韩佳人（Han Ga-in）式的鼻子。

1）作名词，原意表示“特色；特征；特点”，英文解释为“something important, interesting or typical of a place or thing”，此前在iOS 14来了!文中就出现了多次的feature，介绍iOS 14各种新功能，新特点，举个🌰：

Which features do you look for when choosing a car?

你挑选轿车时要着重哪些特点？

2）feature作动词，表示“以…为特色；由…主演；以…为主要组成”，英文解释为“to include a particular person or thing as a special feature”，作动词往往可以理解为“有...”（功能/特色），举个🌰：

Many of the hotels featured in the brochure offer special deals for weekend breaks.

小册子列举的多家旅馆都有周末假日特别优待。

The film features Cary Grant as a professor.

这部电影由卡里·格兰特饰演一位教授。

📍在英文歌中会经常看到这种说法，xxxa feat. xxxb，此处feat.实际上就是feature的缩写，大概意思是歌曲中穿插另外一个人的演唱或表演，xxxa和xxxb共同演绎，合作演出。据百度百科，feat.的是后面这个歌手（或者组合）他在这首单曲里面或者这张专辑里面并不是主角，前面那个人才是这首歌的灵魂或者主人。

South Korea is building on a tradition of cosmetic surgery. A recent study by the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery estimated that South Korea had the highest rate of cosmetic surgery per capita of any country in the world. Seoul TouchUp, a government-approved medical tourism agency, states in its marketing materials that “Korean women are arguably more objectified by their male counterparts than any other women in the world.”

韩国依靠的是整容传统。国际美容整形外科学会(International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery)最近的一份研究显示，韩国是全球人均整容手术率最高的国家。有政府认可资质的医疗旅游机构塔琪雅(Seoul TouchUp)在推广材料中写道，“韩国女人被当地男人物化的程度，无疑要比世界上任何其他地方的女人都要高。”

表示“将…物化；对…进行人格物化”，英文解释为“to treat sb/sth as an object”如：magazines that objectify women 将妇女人格物化的杂志。

counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Somene's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”

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