杭州电视台发生播出事故

据中国播音主持网，近日，杭州电视台《杭州新闻联播》出现播出事故。男主持人在播报新闻时，提字器突然失灵，猛按遥控器没有反应。

据了解，事后他表示，当时没有这段新闻的手稿，目前已就此事深刻反省。

借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），是不是有了提词器，每个人都能播报新闻了呢？

无注释原文：

Can any fool read the news? Tim Dowling finds out

The Guardian

The words keep rising, white against a dark blue background, and I keep saying them, occasionally mispronouncing them. All the while I am conscious of the fact that somewhere behind the words there is a camera. Very soon I lose all sense of what I’m saying. I’m just reading on for dear life.

In March, Jeremy Paxman dismissed the art of newsreading, claiming that “any fool” could read an Autocue. Last week, the BBC presenter Reeta Chakrabarti took him to task. “I’ve written a lot of what I’m reading out,” she told the Radio Times. “Those aren’t someone else’s words.”

She added: “Maybe ‘any fool’ can do this, but I think it’s a skill.” This is what I intend to find out – writing words is one thing, but how hard is it to read an Autocue?

The system I’m using belongs to the Guardian, and the story I’m reciting – about changes to Ukip’s leadership – reflects, more than anything else, the last time somebody used this particular machine. I am dressed in what I imagine to be a professional newsreader’s uniform: dark jacket, sober tie, no trousers.

The letters on the prompter (Autocue is a brand name) glow in the dim surroundings. The sheet of paper in my hand is blank; the pen I’m holding is for show. I am entirely dependent on the scrolling screen.

I immediately encounter a problem I had not anticipated: I run out of words. Pausing awkwardly until more swim into view, I realise too late that the phrasing of what had gone before was, in light of this new information, entirely wrong.

According to the BBC’s business editor, Simon Jack, I’d made a classic beginner’s error. If you don’t know where the sentence is heading, you can end up sounding stupid. There’s a cursor about three-fifths of the way up the screen to indicate the line you should be reading – allowing room to see what’s coming next, but I’ve sprinted right to the bottom, leaving myself high and dry.

“A lot of it depends on the person doing the Autocue rolling,” Jack said. “You want a good Autocue roller, because if they jump ahead or don’t keep up you can be stranded. That makes you look stupid.” For his part Jack leans more towards Chakrabarti’s assessment than Paxman’s. “You could get someone from a bus stop and they could read it out loud for sure, but they wouldn’t last long. Their inexperience would be revealed quite quickly.”

The teleprompter (also originally a trademark) dates to 1950, but the first “in the lens” prompter was developed by Jess Oppenheimer, the producer of the I Love Lucy show, who licensed the patent to Autocue in 1955. Its main innovation was an angled glass screen, allowing the reflected words to be seen by the performer but not by the camera behind it. As you read you looked down the barrel of the lens, creating the illusion you were speaking directly to your audience, unprompted. Back then the script was printed on a paper scroll. Now it is liable to be on an iPad, but the mirror arrangement is the same.

Autocue sabotage, as featured in the film Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, reinforces the idea of newsreaders as automatons who will helplessly recite whatever is put in front of them. In reality most presenters are diligent about editing their copy for sense, pace and phrasing.

However, the demands of the newsroom often lead to last-minute edits. “Sometimes the story will change between the time it’s written and going on air,” said Jack. “Then you get some junior producer typing in stuff and if that’s wrong the presenters go a bit mad.”

I can confirm it does not take much of an error to unseat the amateur reader. I’ve switched to a story about space exploration which, confusing as it is, is also littered with typos. Under pressure, even an “it’s” when it should be “its” can destroy your momentum. If this were my job, I’d be throwing things.

Finally, I am stopped in my tracks by this sentence: “Elon Musk says he wants to die on Mars, but not on impact.” If I didn’t know how long ago the script was written, I’d suspect that someone somewhere had it in for me.

In answer to Paxman’s contention that any fool can read an Autocue, I offer this unscientific, anecdotal and wholly irrefutable evidence: I know of at least one fool who can't.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Can any fool read the news? Tim Dowling finds out

The Guardian

The words keep rising, white against a dark blue background, and I keep saying them, occasionally mispronouncing them. All the while I am conscious of the fact that somewhere behind the words there is a camera. Very soon I lose all sense of what I'm saying. I’m just reading on for dear life.

深蓝色的背景下呈白色的文字一直在往上显示，我一直在读着，偶尔会发音错误。与此同时，我意识到，在这些文字的背后，有一个摄像头。很快，我就完全不知道自己在说什么了。我只是在拼命地读。

表示“意识到；察觉到；感觉到”，英文解释为“to notice that a particular thing or person exists or is present”举个🌰：

My tooth doesn't exactly hurt, but I'm conscious of it (= I can feel it) all the time.

牙齿并不疼，可是我总觉得不舒服。

表示“尽全力，竭力”，英文解释为“If you do something for dear life, you do it with as much effort as possible, usually to avoid danger”举个🌰：

As the ship began to tilt, we clung on for dear life.

当船开始倾斜的时候，我们竭力抓住船身。

In March, Jeremy Paxman dismissed the art of newsreading, claiming that “any fool” could read an Autocue. Last week, the BBC presenter Reeta Chakrabarti took him to task. “I've written a lot of what I'm reading out,” she told the Radio Times. “Those aren't someone else's words.”

3月，杰里米·帕克斯曼（Jeremy Paxman）否定了新闻播报的技能，声称“任何傻瓜”都能读提词器。上周，BBC的主持人雷塔·查克拉巴蒂（Reeta Chakrabarti）反驳了他，她对《广播时报》（The Radio Times）说：“我读出来的很多东西都是我写的。那些不是别人的话。”

1）表示“对…不予理会，摒弃，（从头脑中）去除”，英文解释为“to decide that something or someone is not important and not worth considering”举个🌰：

I think he'd dismissed me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me.

我认为他和我见面5分钟后就把我归入了傻瓜之列。

2）表示“解雇；免职；开除”，英文解释为“to officially remove sb from their job”举个🌰：

She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.

她声称自己被无理免职。

表示“（在电视广播时向节目主持人提示文稿内容的）自动提示器，电子提词器”，英文解释为“a brand name for an electronic device used by people speaking on a television programme that shows the words they have to say while they look directly at the television camera”。

📍等同于下文出现另一个词：teleprompter.

表示“责备（某人）”，英文解释为“to criticize or speak angrily to someone for something that they have done wrong”举个🌰：

She took her assistant to task for/over her carelessness.

她责备助手太粗心大意。

She added: “Maybe ‘any fool’ can do this, but I think it’s a skill.” This is what I intend to find out – writing words is one thing, but how hard is it to read an Autocue?

她补充说：“也许‘任何傻瓜’都能做到这一点，但我认为这是一种技能。”这就是我打算弄清楚的事情--写词是一回事，但读提词器的内容有多难？

The system I’m using belongs to the Guardian, and the story I'm reciting – about changes to Ukip's leadership – reflects, more than anything else, the last time somebody used this particular machine. I am dressed in what I imagine to be a professional newsreaders uniform: dark jacket, sober tie, no trousers.

我使用的系统属于《卫报》（The Guardian），而我正在朗读的报道--关于英国独立党（Ukip）领导的变化--更多的是反映了上次有人使用这台机器的情况。我穿着我想象中的专业新闻播报员的制服：深色夹克，简朴的领带，没有长裤。

熟词僻义，可以表示“新闻报道”，英文解释为“a report in a newspaper, magazine or news broadcast”如：a front-page story 头版报道。

1）表示“（衣物）简朴的，色彩暗淡的”，英文解释为“Clothes or colours that are sober are plain and not bright.”

2）表示“持重的；冷静的”，英文解释为“(of people and their behaviour) serious and sensible”，如：a sober assessment of the situation 对形势的冷静估计，举个🌰：

He is honest, sober and hard-working.

他诚实、稳重、勤奋。

The letters on the prompter (Autocue is a brand name) glow in the dim surroundings. The sheet of paper in my hand is blank; the pen I'm holding is for show. I am entirely dependent on the scrolling screen.

提词器上的字母（Autocue是一个品牌名）在昏暗的环境中发亮。我手中的纸是空白的；我所拿的笔是为了好看。我完全依赖于滚动的屏幕。

I immediately encounter a problem I had not anticipated: I run out of words. Pausing awkwardly until more swim into view, I realise too late that the phrasing of what had gone before was, in light of this new information, entirely wrong.

我立即遇到了一个我未曾预料到的问题。没有文字了。我尴尬地停了下来，直到更多的内容映入眼帘，我才意识到，根据这些新信息，之前的措辞是完全错误的。

1）表示“遭遇”，英文解释为“If you encounter problems or difficulties, you experience them.”举个🌰：

Every day of our lives we encounter major and minor stresses of one kind or another.

生活中的每一天，我们会遇到或大或小的这样那样的压力。

2）表示“邂逅”，英文解释为“If you encounter someone, you meet them, usually unexpectedly. ”举个🌰：

Did you encounter anyone in the building?

你在那栋大楼里偶然遇到什么人了吗？

表示“根据；考虑到，鉴于”，英文解释为“If something is possible in the light of particular information, it is only possible because you have this information.”举个🌰：

In the light of this information it is now possible to identify a number of key issues.

根据这一信息，现在有可能发现很多关键问题。

🎬电影《完美音调2》（Pitch Perfect 2）中的台词提到：In light of this embarrassing 鉴于这个让人尴尬的...

📺美剧《硅谷》（Silicon Valley）中的台词提到：Well, in light of recent activities, it appears that I could do a goddamn thing about it. 有鉴于最近的种种 看来我还是有办法的。

According to the BBC's business editor, Simon Jack, I'd made a classic beginner's error. If you don't know where the sentence is heading, you can end up sounding stupid. There's a cursor about three-fifths of the way up the screen to indicate the line you should be reading – allowing room to see what's coming next, but I've sprinted right to the bottom, leaving myself high and dry.

据BBC的商业编辑西蒙·杰克（Simon Jack）的说法，我犯了一个典型的初学者的错误。如果你不知道行文措辞，你最终会听起来很愚蠢。在屏幕的五分之三处有一个光标，指示你读的那一行--留下空间看到接下来的内容，但我已经读到底部，让自己干瞪眼。

表示“（计算机的）光标”，英文解释为“a line on a computer screen that moves to show the point where work is being done”。

表示“给（某人）带来麻烦，使（某人）陷入困境”，英文解释为“to do something that is not at all convenient for someone and puts them in a very difficult situation”举个🌰：

They pulled out of the deal at the last minute leaving us high and dry.

他们在最后一刻退出了交易，使我们陷入困境。

“A lot of it depends on the person doing the Autocue rolling,” Jack said. “You want a good Autocue roller, because if they jump ahead or don't keep up you can be stranded. That makes you look stupid.” For his part Jack leans more towards Chakrabarti's assessment than Paxman's. “You could get someone from a bus stop and they could read it out loud for sure, but they wouldn't last long. Their inexperience would be revealed quite quickly.”

“这在很大程度上取决于做提词内容的人，”杰克说。“你想要一个好的提词器，因为如果内容跳到前面或没有跟上，你就会陷入困境，那会使你看起来很愚蠢。”就杰克而言，他更倾向于查克拉巴蒂的看法而不是帕克斯曼的。“你可以从公共汽车站找一个人，他们肯定能大声读出来，但他们不会持续太久。他们的经验不足会很快暴露出来。”

表示“（因缺乏交通工具、金钱等）滞留的，被困住的”，英文解释为“unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transport or money”举个🌰：

He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus.

他把我丢在城里，既没车也没钱坐公交车。

The teleprompter (also originally a trademark) dates to 1950, but the first “in the lens” prompter was developed by Jess Oppenheimer, the producer of the I Love Lucy show, who licensed the patent to Autocue in 1955. Its main innovation was an angled glass screen, allowing the reflected words to be seen by the performer but not by the camera behind it. As you read you looked down the barrel of the lens, creating the illusion you were speaking directly to your audience, unprompted. Back then the script was printed on a paper scroll. Now it is liable to be on an iPad, but the mirror arrangement is the same.

提词器（最初也是一个商标）可以追溯到1950年，但第一个“镜头中”的提词器是由《我爱露西》（I Love Lucy）节目的制作人杰斯·奥本海默（Jess Oppenheimer）开发的，他于1955年将专利授权给Autocue。它的主要创新是一个有角度的玻璃屏幕，允许表演者看到反射的文字，但不会被后面的摄像机拍到。当你读的时候，你看着镜筒，创造出一种你直接对观众说话的错觉，而没有提示词。那时，脚本是印在纸卷上的。现在有可能是在iPad上，但镜子的安排是一样的。

表示“许可，授权，特许”，英文解释为“to give someone official permission to do or have something”举个🌰：

Several companies have been licensed to sell these products.

一些公司获得了这些产品的销售许可。

表示“主动的；自发的；未受提示的”，英文解释为“said or done without sb asking you to say or do it”。

表示“剧本；电影剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿”，英文解释为“a written text of a play, film/movie, broadcast, talk, etc.”举个🌰：

That line isn't in the original script.

原剧本中没有那句台词。

Autocue sabotage, as featured in the film Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, reinforces the idea of newsreaders as automatons who will helplessly recite whatever is put in front of them. In reality most presenters are diligent about editing their copy for sense, pace and phrasing.

电影《王牌播音员》（Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy）中的对提词器的恶搞，强化了新闻播音员像机器人一样会无助地朗读放在他们面前的任何东西这一想法。在现实中，大多数主持人都很认真地编辑他们的稿件，以确定其意义、节奏和措辞。

sabotage /ˈsæbəˌtɑːʒ/ 可以作名词也可以作动词，名词表示“故意妨碍；捣乱；刻意阻碍”（the act of deliberately spoiling sth in order to prevent it from being successful）；

作动词：

1）表示“（为阻止敌人或对手成功而）毁坏，破坏（设备、武器或建筑物）”，英文解释为“to damage or destroy equipment, weapons, or buildings in order to prevent the success of an enemy or competitor”举个🌰：

They had tried to sabotage the oil pipeline.

他们曾试图破坏输油管道。

2）表示“阴谋破坏，蓄意破坏（计划或行动）”，英文解释为“to intentionally prevent the success of a plan or action”举个🌰：

This was a deliberate attempt to sabotage the ceasefire.

这是一次蓄意破坏停火的行为。

🎬电影《特工绍特》（Salt）中的台词提到：You are here to sabotage our nuclear ambitions. Yes? 你想来破坏我们的核计划 对吧？

1）表示“加强；充实；使更强烈；强化，加深，进一步证实（观点、看法等）”，英文解释为“to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger”举个🌰：

Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes.

这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。 

2）表示“加固；使更结实”，英文解释为“to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to it”举个🌰：

All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes.

所有建筑现都已加固，以抗地震。

However, the demands of the newsroom often lead to last-minute edits. “Sometimes the story will change between the time it's written and going on air,” said Jack. “Then you get some junior producer typing in stuff and if that’s wrong the presenters go a bit mad.”

然而，新闻编辑室的要求常常导致最后一刻还在编辑。杰克说：“有时，报道在写完和播出之间会有变化。你让一些初级编导输入一些东西，如果是错的，主持人就会有点生气。"

I can confirm it does not take much of an error to unseat the amateur reader. I've switched to a story about space exploration which, confusing as it is, is also littered with typos. Under pressure, even an “it's” when it should be “its” can destroy your momentum. If this were my job, I'd be throwing things.

我可以证实，不需要太多的错误就可以让业余播音员失去信心。我已经换成了一个关于太空探索的报道，很混乱，还有很多错别字。在压力下，即使本应是“它的”读成“它是”也会破坏你的气势。如果这是我的工作，我一定会扔东西的。

表示“罢免；解除职务；赶下台；剥夺（重要工作或地位）”，英文解释为“When people try to unseat a person who is in an important job or position, they try to remove him or her from that job or position.”

表示“布满，到处都是”，英文解释为“A place, document, or other object that is littered with something has or contains a lot of that thing.”举个🌰：

The newspaper has a reputation for being littered with spelling mistakes.

该报错字连篇，尽人皆知。

Finally, I am stopped in my tracks by this sentence: “Elon Musk says he wants to die on Mars, but not on impact.” If I didn't know how long ago the script was written, I'd suspect that someone somewhere had it in for me.

最后，我被这句话吓住了：“埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）说他想死在火星上，但不是死于撞击。”如果我不知道这个脚本是多久以前写的，我就会怀疑是某个地方某人对我有意见。

表示“图谋伤害（某人）；有意跟（某人）过不去”，英文解释为“to be determined to harm or criticize someone”举个🌰：

She's always had it in for me.

她总是跟我过不去。

In answer to Paxman's contention that any fool can read an Autocue, I offer this unscientific, anecdotal and wholly irrefutable evidence: I know of at least one fool who can't.

为了回答帕克斯曼关于任何傻瓜都能读提词器的论点，我提供了这个不科学的、趣事一样的、完全不可辩驳的证据：我知道至少有一个傻瓜做不到。

1）可数名词，表示“（辩论或讨论中表达的）论点；主张；看法”，英文解释为“Someone's contention is the idea or opinion that they are expressing in an argument or discussion.”举个🌰：

It is my contention that death and murder always lurk as potentials in violent relationships.

我的观点是，在暴力关系中总是潜伏着死亡和谋杀的可能。

2）不可数名词，表示“争论；纷争；口角”，英文解释为“If something is a cause of contention, it is a cause of disagreement or argument.”举个🌰：

His case has become a source of contention between civil liberties activists and the government.

他的案子已变成了公民自由活动家们和政府之间的争论缘由。

3）短语：be in/out of contention for sth表示“（尤指在体育运动中）有（没有）机会赢得…”，英文解释为“to be able/not able to achieve or win something, especially in sports”举个🌰：

This loss puts them out of contention for the playoffs this year.

这次失利使他们失去了赢得今年的季后赛的机会。

anecdotal /ˌænɛkˈdəʊtəl/ 表示“逸事的；趣闻的；传闻的”，英文解释为“based on anecdotes and possibly not true or accurate”，如：anecdotal evidence 传闻的证据。

谢谢你看到这里呀

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