乌克兰通过法案禁止在乌使用字母Z和V
近日，乌克兰人民公仆党通过了一项法案，禁止在乌克兰使用俄罗斯军事标志Z和V。
据了解，自俄乌冲突爆发以来，字母“Z”和“V”都曾被作为支持俄军的符号。
无注释原文：
Ukraine bans Russian military symbols Z, V
Anadolu Agency
The Ukrainian parliament passed a law banning the use of Russian military symbols Z and V.
Russia was recognized as a "terrorist country" under the law passed by parliament's deputies April 1, according to Ukraine's Servant of the People party.
Nikita Poturayev, one of the deputies who prepared the law, argued that propaganda in the act of aggression against Ukraine is completely prohibited.
During the Russia-Ukraine war, Z and V have been seen on Russian tanks and armored vehicles.
The Russian war against Ukraine, which started Feb. 24, has met international outrage, with the European Union, US, and UK, among others, implementing tough financial sanctions on Moscow.
At least 1,232 civilians have been killed in Ukraine and 1,935 injured, according to UN estimates, with the true figure feared to be far higher.
More than 4 million Ukrainians have also fled to other countries, with millions more internally displaced, according to the UN refugee agency.
Ukraine calls for ban on the letter ‘Z’ as symbol of support for Russian invasion
The Independent
Ukraine has called on countries to ban the usage of the letter “Z” to show support to the war-torn country against Russia’s invasion.
Several Russian military vehicles, with “Z” written in white, had crossed the border into Ukraine after Russian president Vladimir Putin declared war on 24 February.
Since then, “Z,” which does not exist in the Cyrillic alphabet used in Russia, has been used by Kremlin supporters to back Mr Putin.
“I call on all states to criminalise the use of the ‘Z’ symbol as a way to publicly support Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine,” Dmytro Kuleba, the country’s foreign minister, said in a tweet on Tuesday.
“‘Z’ means Russian war crimes, bombed-out cities, thousands of murdered Ukrainians. Public support of this barbarism must be forbidden.”
Germany on Monday announced individuals displaying “Z” to show support to Russia would be liable for prosecution.
The interior minister for the state of Berlin had earlier said city authorities would jump on cases of the symbol being used to endorse Russia’s aggression, following announcements by Bavaria and Lower Saxony.
“The letter Z as such is of course not forbidden, but its use may in individual cases constitute an endorsement of the Russian war of aggression," a spokesperson for the federal interior ministry said.
Zurich Insurance, Switzerland’s largest insurer, removed its own “Z” logo from social media to avoid being misinterpreted as supporting Russia in the conflict.
“We are temporarily removing the use of the letter ‘Z’ from social channels where it appears in isolation and could be misinterpreted,” the company told Reuters in a statement.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
Ukraine bans Russian military symbols Z, V
Anadolu Agency
The Ukrainian parliament passed a law banning the use of Russian military symbols Z and V.
乌克兰议会通过了一项法案，禁止使用俄罗斯军事标志Z和V。
parliament
parliament /ˈpɑː.lɪ.mənt/ 表示“议会”，英文解释为“in some countries, the group of (usually) elected politicians or other people who make the laws for their country”举个🌰：
On Tuesday the country's parliament voted to establish its own army.
该国议会于周二投票决定建立自己的军队。
Russia was recognized as a "terrorist country" under the law passed by parliament's deputies April 1, according to Ukraine's Servant of the People party.
据乌克兰人民公仆党称，根据议会代表4月1日通过的法案，俄罗斯被认定为“恐怖主义国家”。
deputy
1）表示“代理人；副职，副手”，英文解释为“a person who is given the power to do something instead of another person, or the person whose rank is immediately below that of the leader of an organization”
2）表示“（某些国家的）议员”，英文解释为“the name for a member of parliament in some countries”。
Nikita Poturayev, one of the deputies who prepared the law, argued that propaganda in the act of aggression against Ukraine is completely prohibited.
起草该法案的议员之一尼基塔·波图拉耶夫（Nikita Poturayev）认为，对侵略乌克兰的行径进行宣传是绝对禁止的。
propaganda
propaganda /ˌprɑː.pəˈɡæn.də/ 表示“宣传；鼓吹”，英文解释为“information, ideas, opinions, or images, often only giving one part of an argument, that are broadcast, published, or in some other way spread with the intention of influencing people's opinions”
During the Russia-Ukraine war, Z and V have been seen on Russian tanks and armored vehicles.
在俄乌战争期间，俄罗斯的坦克和装甲车上曾出现过Z和V字样。
armored
armored /ˈɑː.məd/，armoured的美式拼写，表示“装甲的；使用装甲车辆的，装配有装甲车辆的”，英文解释为“protected by a strong covering, or using military vehicles protected by strong covering”如：an armoured tank 装甲坦克。
The Russian war against Ukraine, which started Feb. 24, has met international outrage, with the European Union, US, and UK, among others, implementing tough financial sanctions on Moscow.
2月24日开始的俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争引起了国际社会的愤怒，欧盟、美国和英国等国家对俄罗斯实施了严厉的金融制裁。
outrage
表示“愤怒；义愤；愤慨”，英文解释为“a strong feeling of shock and anger”举个🌰：
The judge's remarks caused public outrage.
裁判的话引起了公愤。
sanction
1）常见含义表示“制裁”，英文解释为“an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law”举个🌰：Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country because of its attacks on its own people.
由于该国发生了针对本国人民的暴力行为，许多国家都对其进行制裁。
2）可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“批准；认可”，英文解释为“If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.”举个🌰：
He may now be ready to sanction the use of force.
他或许现在正准备批准使用武力。
implement
implement表示“执行；贯彻；实施”英文解释为“to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen”，举个🌰：
A nine year compulsory education is implemented in China.
中国实行九年制义务教育。
At least 1,232 civilians have been killed in Ukraine and 1,935 injured, according to UN estimates, with the true figure feared to be far higher.
据联合国估计，乌克兰至少有1232名平民被杀，1935人受伤，真实数字恐怕要高得多。
More than 4 million Ukrainians have also fled to other countries, with millions more internally displaced, according to the UN refugee agency.
据联合国难民机构称，有超过400万乌克兰人逃往其他国家，还有数百万人在国内流离失所。
displace
表示“迫使…离开常居地（或原位）”，英文解释为“to force something or someone out of its usual or original position”举个🌰：
The building of a new dam will displace thousands of people who live in this area.
建造新水坝将迫使居住在这一地区的数千人迁往别处。
🎬电影《米尔克》（Milk）中的台词提到：And these are kids that would be displaced from families. 住在里面的都是些离家出走的孩子。
Ukraine calls for ban on the letter ‘Z’ as symbol of support for Russian invasion
The Independent
Ukraine has called on countries to ban the usage of the letter “Z” to show support to the war-torn country against Russia’s invasion.
乌克兰呼吁各国禁止使用字母“Z”，以表示对这个饱受战争蹂躏的国家反对俄罗斯入侵的支持。
-torn
-torn是tear的过去分词，有“深受…之苦的；饱经…摧残的”的含义（very badly affected or damaged by sth），构成形容词war-torn，饱经战乱的；受战争蹂躏的（severely damaged by a long war, especially between different groups from the same country）
📍类似的strife-torn，饱受纷争/冲突，如：to bring peace to a strife-torn country 给一个饱经变乱创伤的国家带来和平。
📍strife /straɪf/ 表示“冲突；争斗；纠纷；争吵”，英文解释为“angry or violent disagreement between two people or groups of people”。
invasion
表示“入侵，侵略”，英文解释为“an occasion when an army or country uses force to enter and take control of another country”举个🌰：
They were planning to mount an invasion of the north of the country.
他们正计划发动对该国北部的侵略。
Several Russian military vehicles, with “Z” written in white, had crossed the border into Ukraine after Russian president Vladimir Putin declared war on 24 February.
在俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京（Vladimir Putin）于2月24日宣战后，几辆写有白色“Z”的俄罗斯军车已经越过边境进入乌克兰。
Since then, “Z,” which does not exist in the Cyrillic alphabet used in Russia, has been used by Kremlin supporters to back Mr Putin.
从那时起，在俄罗斯使用的西里尔字母中不存在的“Z”就被克里姆林宫（Kremlin）的支持者用来支持普京先生。
Cyrillic
Cyrillic /sɪˈrɪl.ɪk/ 表示“（用于某些斯拉夫语言中的）西里尔字母（的）”，英文解释为“(written in, or relating to) the alphabet used in some Slavonic languages, such as Russian”。
alphabet
alphabet /ˈæl.fə.bet/ 表示“字母表”，英文解释为“a set of letters arranged in a fixed order, used for writing a language”如：the Roman/Cyrillic alphabet 罗马/西里尔字母表。
“I call on all states to criminalise the use of the ‘Z’ symbol as a way to publicly support Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine,” Dmytro Kuleba, the country’s foreign minister, said in a tweet on Tuesday.
乌克兰外交部长德米特罗·库列巴（Dmytro Kuleba）周二在一条推特上写道：“我呼吁所有国家将使用‘Z’符号作为公开支持俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争的一种方式定为犯罪。”
criminalise
criminalise/criminalize表示“定…为非法”，英文解释为“to make something illegal”举个🌰：
The law has criminalized prostitution but not got rid of it.
法律规定卖淫为非法行为，但没能禁绝。
“‘Z’ means Russian war crimes, bombed-out cities, thousands of murdered Ukrainians. Public support of this barbarism must be forbidden.”
“‘Z’意味着俄罗斯的战争罪行，被炸毁的城市，成千上万被杀害的乌克兰人。必须禁止对这种野蛮行为的公开支持。”
bombed-out
表示“遭受轰炸而无家可归的；被炸毁的”，英文解释为“A bombed-out building has been damaged or destroyed by a bomb.”
barbarism
barbarism /ˈbɑː.bə.rɪ.zəm/ 表示“野蛮行径；暴虐行径；粗俗行为”，英文解释为“extremely cruel and unpleasant behaviour”举个🌰：
He witnessed some appalling acts of barbarism during the war.
他亲眼目睹了战争期间发生的一些骇人听闻的野蛮行为。
Germany on Monday announced individuals displaying “Z” to show support to Russia would be liable for prosecution.
德国周一宣布，展示“Z”以示对俄罗斯支持的个人将被起诉。
liable
表示“承担责任的；负有（法律）责任的”，英文解释为“having (legal) responsibility for something or someone”举个🌰：
The law holds parents liable if a child does not attend school.
法律规定孩子不上学父母要负责任。
prosecution
1) 表示“起诉”，英文解释为“Prosecution is the action of charging someone with a crime and putting them on trial.”如：a criminal prosecution 刑事诉讼。
2) 也可以表示“（刑事案件的）检控方，控方”，英文解释为“the prosecution the lawyers who try to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime”。
The interior minister for the state of Berlin had earlier said city authorities would jump on cases of the symbol being used to endorse Russia’s aggression, following announcements by Bavaria and Lower Saxony.
柏林内政部长早些时候表示，在巴伐利亚州（Bavaria）和下萨克森州（Lower Saxony）发表声明之后，市政府将立即着手处理该标志被用来支持俄罗斯侵略的案件。
endorse
endorse 动词，1）表示“（公开）赞同，支持，认可”，英文解释为“to say publicly that you support a person, statement or course of action”举个🌰：
I wholeheartedly endorse his remarks.
我真诚地赞同他的话。
2）表示“（在广告中）宣传，代言（某一产品）”，英文解释为“to say in an advertisement that you use and like a particular product so that other people will want to buy it”；
3）表示“（在支票背面）签名，背书”，英文解释为“to write your name on the back of a cheque so that it can be paid into a bank account”；
🎬电影《侏罗纪公园》（Jurassic Park）中的台词提到：After careful consideration, I've decided not to endorse your park. 仔细考虑以后 我决定不为你的公园背书。
⚠️这里补充一下，看到上面的「背书」你可能疑惑了，除了在金融上的含义，现在往往被用于政治领域。
📍例如，新华网2020年4月份一则新闻标题就为「奥巴马“背书”拜登」讲的就是奥巴马发声力挺拜登。
“The letter Z as such is of course not forbidden, but its use may in individual cases constitute an endorsement of the Russian war of aggression," a spokesperson for the federal interior ministry said.
联邦内政部的一位发言人说：“字母Z本身当然不被禁止，但在个别情况下使用它可能被视作对俄罗斯侵略战争的支持。”
constitute
除了表示“组成”，等同于make up，此处意思是“构成，被视为，被算作”，英文解释为“If something constitutes a particular thing, it can be regarded as being that thing.”，如：constitute a professional and legal offence 构成职业和法律犯罪；举个🌰：
Failing to complete the work constitutes a breach of the employment contract.
不能完成工作被视为违反雇用合同。
The rise in crime constitutes a threat to society.
犯罪率上升对社会构成了威胁。
🎬电影《空中危机》（Flightplan）中的台词提到：A teddy bear does not constitute an inaccurate passenger manifest. 有一只泰迪熊并不代表 乘客名单出了错。
🎬电影《从足球流氓到黑帮崛起3》（Rise of the Footsoldier 3）中的台词提到：High on drink and pills does not constitute as a defense. 醉药 醉酒 不能作为辩护证据。
Zurich Insurance, Switzerland’s largest insurer, removed its own “Z” logo from social media to avoid being misinterpreted as supporting Russia in the conflict.
瑞士最大的保险公司苏黎世保险（Zurich Insurance）从社交媒体上删除了自己的“Z”标志，以避免被误解为在冲突中支持俄罗斯。
misinterpret
表示“误解；误释”，英文解释为“to form an understanding that is not correct of something that is said or done”举个🌰：
My speech has been misinterpreted by the press.
我的讲话被新闻界曲解了。
“We are temporarily removing the use of the letter ‘Z’ from social channels where it appears in isolation and could be misinterpreted,” the company told Reuters in a statement.
该公司在一份声明中告诉路透社（Reuters）：“我们暂时从社交渠道上删除了‘Z’字母的使用，因为它是单独出现的，可能会被误解。”
公众号后台对话框里发送：666
参与抽奖（4月3日0点开）
公众号后台对话框里发送：沙发
查看沙发计划，抢沙发拿奖励
公众号后台对话框里发送：打卡
参与每天持续行动打卡计划
公众号后台对话框里发送：提问
查看提问指南，不懂先查再问
- 推荐阅读 -
- END -
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2022年4月2日
第2611天
每天持续行动学外语