上外男生所投系牛磺酸泡腾片

微博热评：“你就是给人家投颗大白兔奶糖也不行啊”！！！！！！

今天，针对上海外国语大学一女生饮料中被他人投放不明物一事，警方通报。

无注释原文：

Intentional poisonings in clubs, bars may be on the rise

CBS NEWS

NOVEMBER 10, 2011

There are plenty of lurid tales of people being drugged to be robbed or taken advantage of sexually. Sadly, they're not just stories -- and they may be becoming more common.

There were 14,270 emergency room visits for intentional drug poisoning in the U.S. during 2009, according to new data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).

Of these emergency room visits, 73% were made by people aged 21 and older, and nearly two-thirds were by women.

Intentional poisoning refers to "attempts to harm someone by deliberately getting them to take a potentially harmful substance without their knowledge. These are people that are being given drugs that they don't know about," says Peter J. Delany, PhD. He is the director of SAMHSA's Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality in Rockville, Md.

Intentional poisonings can occur in many scenarios using many types of illicit drugs, either alone or in combination with alcohol or other substances. A common setup occurs when a known date rape drug is subtly slipped into a cocktail at a bar or nightclub. These intentional poisonings often precede sexual assault or robbery.

The best way to protect yourself from intentional poisoning is to be aware, Delany says. "Pay attention to where your beverage is, don't take alcohol or free drinks from people who you don't know, and if you start to feel odd, seek help right away."

◐ New Data on Intentional Poisonings

The new data help paint a more accurate picture of intentional poisonings in the U.S. and may help raise awareness of the issue.

Among the key findings:

*6 of 10 intentional poisonings involved alcohol in combination with other drugs.

*1/3 of intentional poisonings involved illicit drugs such as marijuana, stimulants, and/or ecstasy.

*21% of intentional poisonings involve prescription drugs such as medication to treat insomnia, anxiety, or pain.

The numbers come from SAMHSA's Drug Abuse Warning Network, which monitors drug-related emergency room visits in the U.S. This is the first year that the group has published data on intentional poisoning. In unpublished data from 2008, however, there were 7,609 emergency room visits for intentional poisonings, Delaney says.

The 2009 data represents a 93% increase over 2008. "This may be a result of better reporting or paying closer attention to what is going on, or it may also be that there are more intentional poisonings as consequences as mixing more drugs with different things," he tells WebMD.

◐ How to Stay Safe

Rick Spiller, PhD, says the new data give us a better handle on the scope of the problem. He is the managing director of the Kentucky Regional Poison Center in Louisville.

Intentional poisoning doesn't just happen in bars, Spiller says. "It can occur in any public situation like a party or an open environment like the beach."

The best way to stay safe is to develop a buddy system. "People don't run up and inject you, they usually give it in a drink," he says. Tell your buddy if you start to feel strange, and let him or her get you out of the situation ASAP.

Some people may be reluctant to seek help because they were drinking alcohol and may have been taking illicit drugs when the intentional poisoning occurred.

When in doubt, go to the emergency room or call 911, Spiller says. "This is critical if there is prosecution."

As the medical director of the Florida Poison Information Center in Miami, Jeffrey N. Bernstein, MD, practices very close to South Beach, which is home to many of Miami's swankiest clubs, lounges, and bars. He has seen his fair share of intentional poisonings.

"They are very common in nightclubs but can occur anywhere," he says. "These substances are a lot easier to get ahold of or conceal than a gun."

The new numbers are likely just the tip of the iceberg as many intentional poisonings go unreported or even unrecognized. "Some people may not go to the emergency room, or maybe they didn't even realize that they had been intentionally poisoned," Bernstein tells WebMD.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Intentional poisonings in clubs, bars may be on the rise

CBS NEWS

NOVEMBER 10, 2011

There are plenty of lurid tales of people being drugged to be robbed or taken advantage of sexually. Sadly, they're not just stories -- and they may be becoming more common.

有很多关于人们被下药抢劫或遭受性侵害的骇人听闻的故事。可悲的是，它们不仅仅是故事 -- 它们可能变得更加普遍。

表示“有意的，故意的”，英文解释为“planned or intended”举个🌰：

Did you leave his name out by accident or was it intentional?

你漏掉了他的名字，是无意的还是有意的？

1）表示“毒害；毒杀；投毒”，英文解释为“the act of killing or harming sb/sth by giving them poison”举个🌰：

The police suspected poisoning.

警方怀疑有人下毒。

2）表示“中毒”，英文解释为“an illness caused by eating, drinking, or breathing a dangerous substance”如：alcohol/lead poisoning 酒精/铅中毒。

lurid /ˈlʊə.rɪd/ 1）表示“（尤指描述）骇人的，令人毛骨悚然的”，英文解释为“(especially of a description) shocking because involving violence, sex, or immoral activity”举个🌰：

You can read all the lurid details of the affair in today's paper.

今天的报纸上对这件事骇人听闻的细节描写得淋漓尽致。

2）表示“过于艳丽的，太鲜艳的”，英文解释为“too brightly coloured”举个🌰：

That's a very lurid shade of lipstick she's wearing.

她口红抹得太艳了。

There were 14,270 emergency room visits for intentional drug poisoning in the U.S. during 2009, according to new data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).

根据美国药物滥用和精神健康服务管理局（SAMHSA）的新数据，2009年期间，美国有14,270人次因被故意投毒而进入急诊室。

Of these emergency room visits, 73% were made by people aged 21 and older, and nearly two-thirds were by women.

在这些急诊室就诊者中，73%是21岁及以上的人，近三分之二是女性。

Intentional poisoning refers to "attempts to harm someone by deliberately getting them to take a potentially harmful substance without their knowledge. These are people that are being given drugs that they don't know about," says Peter J. Delany, PhD. He is the director of SAMHSA's Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality in Rockville, Md.

故意投毒是指“在某人不知情的情况下，故意让他们服用可能有害的物质，从而试图伤害他们。这些人正在被投下他们不知道的药物，”彼得·德拉尼（Peter J. Delany）博士说。他是位于马里兰州（Maryland）罗克维尔（Rockville）的SAMHSA行为健康统计和质量中心的主任。

1）表示“故意地”，英文解释为“intentionally”举个🌰：

I'm sure he says these things deliberately to annoy me.

我敢肯定他是故意说这些来气我的。

2）表示“不慌不忙地，从容地”，英文解释为“slowly and carefully”举个🌰：

Calmly and deliberately, she cut up his suits one by one.

她平静从容地把他的西服一件一件剪成碎片。

Intentional poisonings can occur in many scenarios using many types of illicit drugs, either alone or in combination with alcohol or other substances. A common setup occurs when a known date rape drug is subtly slipped into a cocktail at a bar or nightclub. These intentional poisonings often precede sexual assault or robbery.

无论是单独还是与酒精或其他物质一起使用，众多类型的非法药物，在许多情况下都可能出现故意投毒事件。一个常见的情况是，在酒吧或夜总会的鸡尾酒中塞入一种臭名昭著的约会强奸药物。这些故意投毒事件往往发生在性侵或抢劫之前。

scenario /sɪˈnɑːrɪˌəʊ/表示“场景；设想；可能的情况；可能发生的事态”，英文解释为“If you talk about a likely or possible scenario, you are talking about the way in which a situation may develop.”举个🌰：

There are several possible scenarios.

有几种可能出现的局面。

表示“非法的；违禁的；社会不容许的”，英文解释为“illegal or disapproved of by society”如：illicit drugs such as cocaine and cannabis 可卡因和大麻之类的违禁药物。

表示“物质；材料”，英文解释为“material with particular physical characteristics”如：an organic/chemical substance 有机/化学物质。

表示“圈套；陷阱”，英文解释为“If you describe a situation as a setup, you mean that people have planned it in order to deceive you or to make it look as if you have done something wrong.”

表示“约会强奸（案）”，英文解释为“(a case of) rape that happens when the attacker is already known to the person who is attacked”

cocktail表示“鸡尾酒”，英文解释为“a drink usually made from a mixture of one or more spirits (= strong alcoholic drinks) and fruit juice. It can also be made without alcohol.”；

🍸cocktail真的就是cock，公鸡，雄鸡（an adult male chicken）+tail，尾，尾巴（the part that sticks out and can be moved at the back of the body of a bird, an animal or a fish）

表示“（某事件）先于（另一事件）而发生；（某时段）先于（另一时段）而存在”，英文解释为“If one event or period of time precedes another, it happens before it.”举个🌰：

The earthquake was preceded by a loud roar and lasted 20 seconds.

地震之前有一声巨响，持续了20秒钟。

The best way to protect yourself from intentional poisoning is to be aware, Delany says. "Pay attention to where your beverage is, don't take alcohol or free drinks from people who you don't know, and if you start to feel odd, seek help right away."

德拉尼说，保护自己免受故意投毒之害的最好方法是提高警惕。“注意你的饮料在哪里，不要从你不认识的人那里拿酒或免费饮料，如果你开始感到奇怪，马上寻求帮助。”

表示“饮料”，英文解释为“Beverages are drinks.”如：alcoholic beverages 含酒精的饮料。

◐ New Data on Intentional Poisonings 故意投毒的新数据

The new data help paint a more accurate picture of intentional poisonings in the U.S. and may help raise awareness of the issue.

新数据有助于更准确地描述美国的故意中毒事件，并可能有助于提高对这一问题的认识。

表示“将…描述（或展示）为…”，英文解释为“to describe or show something in a particular way”举个🌰：

The statistics do not paint an optimistic picture.

统计数字显得不甚乐观。

Among the key findings:

其中的关键发现：

*6 of 10 intentional poisonings involved alcohol in combination with other drugs. 10起故意投毒事件中有6起涉及酒精与其他药物的混合。

*1/3 of intentional poisonings involved illicit drugs such as marijuana, stimulants, and/or ecstasy. 1/3的故意投毒事件涉及非法药物，如大麻、兴奋剂和/或摇头丸。

*21% of intentional poisonings involve prescription drugs such as medication to treat insomnia, anxiety, or pain. 21%的故意投毒事件涉及处方药，如治疗失眠、焦虑或疼痛的药物。

marijuana /ˌmær.əˈwɑː.nə/ 表示“大麻”，英文解释为“a drug, illegal in many countries, that is made from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant. Marijuana produces a pleasant feeling of being relaxed if smoked or eaten.”

表示“兴奋剂”，英文解释为“A stimulant is a drug that makes your body work faster, often increasing your heart rate and making you less likely to sleep.”举个🌰：

Coffee and tea are mild stimulants.

咖啡和茶是轻度兴奋剂。

ecstasy /ˈek.stə.si/ 1）表示“摇头丸”，英文解释为“a powerful drug that makes you feel very active and can cause you to hallucinate (= see or hear things that do not exist)”

2）《纽约时报》2021年度五大好书文中提到，Labatut expertly stitches together the stories of the 20th century’s greatest thinkers to explore both the ecstasy and agony of scientific breakthroughs. 拉巴图特将20世纪最伟大的思想者的故事巧妙地拼接在一起，探索科学突破带来的狂喜和痛苦。此处ecstasy 表示“狂喜，欣喜若狂”，英文解释为“a state of extreme happiness, especially when feeling pleasure”

1）表示“方案；计划；建议；秘诀”，英文解释为“A prescription is a proposal or a plan that gives ideas about how to solve a problem or improve a situation.”举个🌰：

So what is his prescription for success?

那么他认为成功的诀窍是什么？

2）表示“处方”，英文解释为“A prescription is the piece of paper on which your doctor writes an order for medicine and which you give to a pharmacist to get the medicine.”举个🌰：

The new drug will not require a physician's prescription.

这种新药不需要医生的处方。

3）表示“处方药”，英文解释为“A prescription is a medicine that a doctor has told you to take.”举个🌰：

I'm not sleeping even with the prescription he gave me. 

我服用了他开给我的处方药还是睡不着。

insomnia /ɪnˈsɒmnɪə/ 表示“失眠（症）”，英文解释为“the condition of being unable to sleep, over a period of time”举个🌰：

He suffered from insomnia caused by stress at work.

他因为工作压力失眠了好几个月。

The numbers come from SAMHSA's Drug Abuse Warning Network, which monitors drug-related emergency room visits in the U.S. This is the first year that the group has published data on intentional poisoning. In unpublished data from 2008, however, there were 7,609 emergency room visits for intentional poisonings, Delaney says.

这些数字来自SAMHSA的药物滥用警告网络，该网络监测美国与药物有关的急诊室就诊情况，这是该组织第一年公布关于故意投毒的数据。然而，在2008年未公布的数据中，有7,609人次因故意投毒而到急诊室就诊，德拉尼说。

表示“监视；检查；跟踪调查”，英文解释为“to watch and check sth over a period of time in order to see how it develops, so that you can make any necessary changes”举个🌰：

Each student's progress is closely monitored.

每一位同学的学习情况都受到密切的关注。

The 2009 data represents a 93% increase over 2008. "This may be a result of better reporting or paying closer attention to what is going on, or it may also be that there are more intentional poisonings as consequences as mixing more drugs with different things," he tells WebMD.

2009年的数据比2008年增加了93%。“这可能是由于更好的报告或更密切地关注正在发生的事情，或者也可能是由于有更多的故意投毒事件，因为有更多的药物与不同的东西混合在一起，”他告诉医学健康信息平台WebMD。

◐ How to Stay Safe 如何保持安全

Rick Spiller, PhD, says the new data give us a better handle on the scope of the problem. He is the managing director of the Kentucky Regional Poison Center in Louisville.

里克·斯皮勒（Rick Spiller）博士说，新数据让我们更好地掌握了问题的范围。他是路易斯维尔（Louisville）的肯塔基州区域毒物中心（Kentucky Regional Poison Center）的总经理。

Intentional poisoning doesn't just happen in bars, Spiller says. "It can occur in any public situation like a party or an open environment like the beach."

斯皮勒说，故意投毒不只是发生在酒吧。“它可以发生在任何公共场合，如聚会或像海滩这样的开放环境。”

The best way to stay safe is to develop a buddy system. "People don't run up and inject you, they usually give it in a drink," he says. Tell your buddy if you start to feel strange, and let him or her get you out of the situation ASAP.

保持安全的最好方法是建立一个结伴制。他说：“人们不会直接过来给你注射，他们通常在饮料中给你下药。如果你开始感到奇怪，就告诉你的伙伴，并让他或她尽快把你从这种情况下救出来。”

表示“两人同行制；伙伴系统；成对互助训练法；结伴制”；The buddy system is a procedure in which two individuals, the "buddies", operate together as a single unit so that they are able to monitor and help each other.[1] As per Merriam-Webster, the first known use of the phrase "buddy system" goes as far back as 1942. Webster goes on to define the buddy system as "an arrangement in which two individuals are paired (as for mutual safety in a hazardous situation).”（Wikipedia）

inject表示“（给…）注射（药物等）”，英文解释为“to put a drug or other substance into a person's or an animal's body using a syringe”举个🌰：

Adrenalin was injected into the muscle.

往肌肉里注射了肾上腺素。

区分：

📍ingest表示“摄入；食入；咽下”，英文解释为“to take food, drugs, etc. into your body, usually by swallowing”，举个🌰：

The chemicals can be poisonous if ingested.

这些化学制品如果摄入体内可能会引起中毒。

补充：

📍digest表示“消化”，英文解释为“when you digest food, or it digests , it is changed into substances that your body can use”，举个🌰：

Humans cannot digest plants such as grass.

人不能消化草类植物。

表示“尽快（as soon as possible的缩写）”，英文解释为“abbreviation for as soon as possible”举个🌰：

Please reply ASAP.

请尽快答复。

Some people may be reluctant to seek help because they were drinking alcohol and may have been taking illicit drugs when the intentional poisoning occurred.

有些人可能不愿意寻求帮助，因为他们在饮酒，而且在故意投毒发生时可能正在服用非法药物。

表示“勉强的；不情愿的”，英文解释为“not willing to do something and therefore slow to do it”举个🌰：

Many parents feel reluctant to talk openly with their children.

很多父母都不愿意和儿女们敞开心扉交谈。

When in doubt, go to the emergency room or call 911, Spiller says. "This is critical if there is prosecution."

斯皮勒说，如果有疑问，请去急诊室或拨打911。“如果起诉，这一点至关重要。”

1) 表示“起诉”，英文解释为“Prosecution is the action of charging someone with a crime and putting them on trial.”如：a criminal prosecution 刑事诉讼。

2) 也可以表示“（刑事案件的）检控方，控方”，英文解释为“the prosecution the lawyers who try to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime”。

3）表示“实施；从事；进行”，英文解释为“the act of making sth happen or continue”。

As the medical director of the Florida Poison Information Center in Miami, Jeffrey N. Bernstein, MD, practices very close to South Beach, which is home to many of Miami's swankiest clubs, lounges, and bars. He has seen his fair share of intentional poisonings.

作为迈阿密（Miami）佛罗里达毒物信息中心（Florida Poison Information Center）的医务主任，杰弗里·伯恩斯坦（Jeffrey N. Bernstein）医学博士的工作地点离南海滩（South Beach）非常近，那里有许多迈阿密最豪华的俱乐部、娱乐室和酒吧。他已经看到了众多故意投毒事件。

表示“医学博士（Doctor of Medicine的缩写）”，英文解释为“abbreviation for Doctor of Medicine: a degree that someone must have to work as a doctor, or a person who has this degree”。

作动词，practice 美式，practise 英式，表示“从事（专业性强的重要职业）；执业”，英文解释为“to work in an important skilled job for which a lot of training is necessary”举个🌰：

How long have you been practising as a dentist?

你干牙医这一行有多久了？

"They are very common in nightclubs but can occur anywhere," he says. "These substances are a lot easier to get ahold of or conceal than a gun."

他说：“在夜总会非常常见，但在任何地方都可能发生。这些物质比枪支更容易得到或藏匿。”

通常用get hold of，美式 get ahold of，表示“找到（某人）；得到”，英文解释为“to find someone or obtain something”举个🌰：

Where can I get ahold of some stamps?

我在哪儿能找到些邮票？

表示“隐藏；隐匿；隐瞒；隐蔽”，英文解释为“to prevent something from being seen or known about”举个🌰：

The listening device was concealed in a pen.

窃听装置藏在了笔里。

🎬电影《V字仇杀队》（V for Vendetta）中的台词提到：Conceal me what I am and be my aid... for such disguise as haply shall become the form of my intent. 你得帮助我假扮起来... 好让我达到我的目的。

The new numbers are likely just the tip of the iceberg as many intentional poisonings go unreported or even unrecognized. "Some people may not go to the emergency room, or maybe they didn't even realize that they had been intentionally poisoned," Bernstein tells WebMD.

新的数字可能只是冰山一角，因为许多故意投毒事件没有被报告，甚至没有被发现。伯恩斯坦告诉WebMD：“有些人可能没有去急诊室，或者他们甚至没有意识到他们被故意投毒了。”

表示“（重大问题的）冰山一角，端倪，明显的一小部分”，英文解释为“a small, noticeable part of a problem, the total size of which is really much greater”举个🌰：

These small problems are just the tip of the iceberg.

这些小问题只是冰山的一角。

📺美剧《国务卿女士》（Madam Secretary）中的台词提到：cyber security is just the tip of the iceberg. 网络安全根本只是问题的冰山一角。

🎬电影《一路到底》（All the Way）中的台词提到：His moral turpitude is just the tip of the iceberg 他的道德沦丧只是冰山一角。

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