“不要再翘二郎腿了”

有时候就是那么巧，你现在是不是右腿搭在左腿上

今天，#不要再翘二郎腿了#的话题登上热搜，吓得我赶紧默默收起了腿。

那么，跷二郎腿是否有害健康呢，我们今天就一起来看看。

无注释原文：

Is crossing your legs bad for you?

BBC

14th October 2015

How do you like to sit on a chair? Many people prefer to cross one leg over the other. In the 1980s, British comedian Kenny Everett even made it his trademark – extravagantly crossing, uncrossing, then recrossing his legs while dressed in a skirt and high heels, declaring it was “all in the best possible taste”.

Others prefer not to cross their legs at all and even to “man spread” as it’s become known, sitting with their knees wide apart on public transport while the people either side of them are squashed. These men might have liked a rather curious publicity campaign launched in the US in 1999 called “The Great Cross-Out” where a dietary supplement company encouraged people to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.

But is it really any healthier to avoid crossing your legs? The list of suggested consequences of spending too much time with one knee crossed over the other includes raised blood pressure, varicose veins and nerve damage, but each of these deserves close examination.

Of course it is true that if you spend too much time in exactly the same position, eventually your leg or your foot can go numb. This is because crossing the legs can put pressure on the peroneal nerve behind the knee, which supplies sensation to the lower legs and feet. But if you do give yourself pins and needles this way, it is only temporary.  

Maintaining a particular posture for many, many hours can however lead to a condition called peroneal nerve palsy resulting in “foot drop” where you can’t lift the front part of your foot and toes. But when a study from South Korea examined a series of patients’ notes in order to identify the chief causes, sitting on a chair with one knee over the other didn’t feature. Sitting cross-legged on the floor for hours at a time did. In reality long term numbness is an unlikely consequence of leg-crossing because as soon as we feel uncomfortable we tend to move.

So how about blood pressure? When you get it checked, the doctor or nurse tends to ask you to rest your arm on the chair or table and to uncross your legs, putting your feet flat on the floor. The fear is that crossed legs might skew the reading by temporarily raising your blood pressure. By 2010, seven studies had indeed found that leg crossing does result in a higher blood pressure reading, while another study found it made no difference. However, many of these studies were small and relied on taking a blood pressure reading just once. One of the larger studies was conducted at a hypertension clinic in Istanbul. Researchers there took several readings with legs crossed and uncrossed. Again, blood pressure was higher when legs were crossed, but crucially when the measurements were repeated just three minutes after uncrossing the legs, blood pressure was back to the earlier levels. The greatest rise in blood pressure occurs in people already being treated for high blood pressure.

Two possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain why leg-crossing might lead to a temporary rise in blood pressure. One is that the action of putting one knee over the other sends blood from the legs up to the chest resulting in an increased quantity of blood being pumped out of the heart, raising blood pressure. An alternative explanation is that blood pressure rises because isometric exercise of the leg muscles (exercise without the joints moving) increases the resistance to the blood passing through the vessels. This might explain why crossing legs at the ankles doesn’t have the same effect.

In order to establish which of these explanations was the most likely, a study in Nijmegen in the Netherlands took a number of physiological measurements. The team found that resistance in the blood vessels didn’t rise when the heart rate was low and the legs were crossed, but the amount of blood leaving the heart did, suggesting that the increased blood pressure is due to crossed legs pushing blood up to the heart.

So crossing the legs does appear to cause a temporary rise in blood pressure, but the evidence for any long-term consequences simply isn’t there, with one exception. People at high risk of blood clots are advised not to cross their legs for long periods of time because for them, impeding the flow of blood could increase their risk of a deep vein thrombosis.

But even if crossing your legs doesn’t give you high blood pressure in the long term, what about the idea that it can give you varicose veins? The reasons why some people suffer from varicose veins and others don’t is something of a mystery. Usually tiny valves in the blood vessels prevent blood from flowing back in the wrong direction, but if those valves become stretched and weakened the blood can pool, resulting in the enlarged veins we call varicose veins. Crossing the legs has not been demonstrated to be a crucial factor. Whether or not you get varicose veins seems, partly at least, to be down to genetics.

So if veins, blood pressure and nerves are not affected by leg-crossing in the long-term, how about the impact on our joints? One study found that people who sat with their legs crossed for more than three hours a day were more likely to lean forward and to round their shoulders. But the research relied on people’s own estimations of how long they crossed their legs for. As I write this, I’m sitting at my desk and happen to have my legs crossed, but I would have no idea how many hours a day I spend sitting in this way. More recent research published this year found that if people were instructed to sit up straight while they crossed their legs the postural problems were overcome. Of course whether that’s maintained when you have no experimenter standing over you is another matter. Incidentally almost twice as many people reported crossing their right leg over their left knee than the other way around.

Slouching doesn’t sound good, but if you are a fan of leg-crossing, you might like a rather curious study from the University Medical Centre in Rotterdam which found that it could bring benefits. Researchers examined young men and women as they sat with their legs either straight, crossed at the knee or crossed at both the knee and the ankle at once. They then simulated the exact angles of the posture in four embalmed pelvises, which allowed them to measure exactly what our muscles do when we cross our legs. They found that crossing the legs at the knee increased elongation in the piriformis muscle running behind the hip joint by 11% when compared with sitting with legs uncrossed, and by 21% when compared with standing (interestingly the tension was slightly less if the legs were crossed at the ankle too). The authors believe that this increases stability in their pelvic joints in a similar way to tensing the abdominal muscles does.

So if you like crossing your legs Kenny Everett-style then you’re unlikely to do yourself any damage, provided you don’t stay in the same position until your legs are numb. And whoever is sitting next to you on the bus or the train will be grateful to you for taking up less room than the man-spreaders.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Is crossing your legs bad for you?

跷二郎腿是否有害健康？

BBC

14th October 2015

How do you like to sit on a chair? Many people prefer to cross one leg over the other. In the 1980s, British comedian Kenny Everett even made it his trademark – extravagantly crossing, uncrossing, then recrossing his legs while dressed in a skirt and high heels, declaring it was “all in the best possible taste”.

你喜欢什么坐姿？很多人都喜欢翘二郎腿。在20世纪80年代，英国喜剧演员肯尼·埃弗雷特（Kenny Everett）甚至把它作为自己的标志--在穿着裙子和高跟鞋的时候，随意地翘起二郎腿、收回，然后再翘起，宣称这是“最好的品味”。

cross your arms/fingers/legs 表示“交叉双臂／手指／双腿”，英文解释为“to put one of your arms, fingers, or legs over the top of the other”举个🌰：

She sat down and crossed her legs.

她坐下跷起了二郎腿。

1）表示“商标”，英文解释为“a name or symbol on a product that shows it was made by a particular company, and that it cannot be used by other companies without permission”

2）表示“（某人的）标记，特征”，英文解释为“something very noticeable that a person typically has or does”举个🌰：

He was wearing one of the brightly coloured ties that are his trademark.

他戴着一条他标志性的亮色领带。

形容词性 extravagant /ɪkˈstrævəɡənt/ 1）表示“无节制的；过分的；放肆的；不切实际的”，英文解释为“very extreme or impressive but not reasonable or practical”；

2）表示“spending a lot more money or using a lot more of sth than you can afford or than is necessary”，英文解释为“奢侈的；挥霍的；铺张浪费的”。

Others prefer not to cross their legs at all and even to “man spread” as it’s become known, sitting with their knees wide apart on public transport while the people either side of them are squashed. These men might have liked a rather curious publicity campaign launched in the US in 1999 called “The Great Cross-Out” where a dietary supplement company encouraged people to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.

还有人根本不跷二郎腿，甚至会像广为人知的那样“大爷式占座”，在公共交通工具上岔开大腿坐着，而他们两边的人则被挤开。这些人应该很喜欢美国1999年发起的一项名为“The Great Cross-Out”的宣传活动：出于健康考虑，当时有一家膳食补充剂公司鼓励民众不要整天跷二郎腿。

表示“（男性在公共交通工具上）岔腿而坐”，英文解释为“the act of a man sitting, especially on public transport, with his legs spread wide apart, in a way that means that the people next to him have less space”

squash /skwɒʃ/ 1）表示“把…压扁；把…挤扁”，英文解释为“to crush something into a flat shape”举个🌰：

He accidentally sat on her hat and squashed it.

他不小心坐在她的帽子上，把它坐扁了。

2）表示“（使）挤进；（把…）塞进”，英文解释为“to push yourself, a person, or thing into a small space”举个🌰：

The room was so full you couldn't squash another person in.

房间里挤得满满的，再也挤不进一个人了。

表示“饮食的”，英文解释为“relating to your diet”举个🌰：

Dietary habits can be very difficult to change.

饮食习惯很难改变。

表示“补充物，增补物”，英文解释为“something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it; something extra”举个🌰：

The doctor said she should be taking vitamin supplements.

医生说她应该服用维生素补充剂。

But is it really any healthier to avoid crossing your legs? The list of suggested consequences of spending too much time with one knee crossed over the other includes raised blood pressure, varicose veins and nerve damage, but each of these deserves close examination.

不跷二郎腿真的更健康吗？据说，长时间跷二郎腿产生的不良后果包括血压升高、静脉曲张和神经损伤，但这些结论都值得商榷。

varicose vein /ˌvær.ɪ.kəʊs ˈveɪn/ 表示“（尤指腿部的）静脉曲张”，英文解释为“a swollen and often painful vein, especially in the legs”举个🌰：

Pregnant women often get varicose veins.

孕妇常患有静脉曲张。

Of course it is true that if you spend too much time in exactly the same position, eventually your leg or your foot can go numb. This is because crossing the legs can put pressure on the peroneal nerve behind the knee, which supplies sensation to the lower legs and feet. But if you do give yourself pins and needles this way, it is only temporary. 

当然，如果你保持一个姿势的时间过长，腿脚都会感觉麻木。这是因为跷二郎腿会压迫膝盖后面的腓神经（peroneal nerve），这条神经专门负责为小腿和脚提供感觉。但如果你因为这种姿势感觉发麻，那只是暂时现象。

numb /nʌm/ 作形容词，表示“（身体部位）麻木的，失去感觉的”，英文解释为“If a part of your body is numb, you are unable to feel it, usually for a short time.”也可以表示“（由于过度震惊或恐惧而）麻木的，思维迟钝的”，英文解释为“not able to feel any emotions or to think clearly, because you are so shocked or frightened, etc.”举个🌰：

I was lying in a weird position and my leg went numb.

我躺卧的姿势很奇怪，结果腿都麻了。

作动词，1）表示“使木呆；使麻木”，英文解释为“If an event or experience numbs you, you can no longer think clearly or feel any emotion.”举个🌰：

For a while the shock of his letter numbed her.

收到他来信的惊愕让她木呆了好一会儿。

2）表示“使失去知觉”，英文解释为“If cold weather, a drug, or a blow numbs a part of your body, you can no longer feel anything in it.”举个🌰：

The cold numbed my fingers.

寒冷使我的手指失去了知觉。

1）表示“轰动；哗然；引起轰动的人（或事物）”，英文解释为“very great surprise, excitement, or interest among a lot of people; the person or the thing that causes this surprise”举个🌰：

The band became a sensation overnight.

一夜之间，这支乐队名声大振。

📍此前，戳爷Troye Sivan被传已分手数月？文中出现过，pop sensation可以理解为“流行巨星”，“流行天王”。还有，63岁中国爷爷成油管网红文中标题就是Master carpenter's ancient Chinese skills are a YouTube sensation.

2）作可数名词，还可以表示“感觉；知觉”，英文解释为“a feeling that you get when sth affects your body”，如：a tingling/burning sensation 刺痛/烧灼的感觉。

3）作不可数名词，可以表示“感觉能力；知觉能力”，英文解释为“the ability to feel through your sense of touch”，举个🌰：

She seemed to have lost all sensation in her arms.

她的两条胳膊好像完全失去知觉了。

🎬电影《困在爱中》（Stuck in Love）中的台词提到：I was overcome by the oddest sensation. 我像是被一种怪异的冲动（感觉）驱使着。

表示“（身体某部位的）酸痛，发麻，针刺感”，英文解释为“If you have pins and needles in a part of your body, you feel slight sharp pains in it, usually just after you have moved from being in one position for a long time.”

Maintaining a particular posture for many, many hours can however lead to a condition called peroneal nerve palsy resulting in “foot drop” where you can’t lift the front part of your foot and toes. But when a study from South Korea examined a series of patients’ notes in order to identify the chief causes, sitting on a chair with one knee over the other didn’t feature. Sitting cross-legged on the floor for hours at a time did. In reality long term numbness is an unlikely consequence of leg-crossing because as soon as we feel uncomfortable we tend to move.

然而，长时间保持某个姿势会导致腓神经麻痹（peroneal nerve palsy），从而引发“足下垂”，令你无法抬起脚的前部和脚趾。韩国的一项研究调查了一系列的病例，希望找出主要的病因，但却发现，跷二郎腿并非其中之一，反倒是长时间盘腿坐在地上有时的确会引发这一疾病。事实上，跷二郎腿不太可能造成长时间的麻木，因为一旦感觉不舒服，我们往往都会改变姿势。

So how about blood pressure? When you get it checked, the doctor or nurse tends to ask you to rest your arm on the chair or table and to uncross your legs, putting your feet flat on the floor. The fear is that crossed legs might skew the reading by temporarily raising your blood pressure. By 2010, seven studies had indeed found that leg crossing does result in a higher blood pressure reading, while another study found it made no difference.

跷二郎腿对血压又会产生怎样的影响？当你测量血压时，医生或护士通常会让你把胳膊放在椅子或桌子上，他们还会要求你不要跷二郎腿，而是把脚平放在地板上。这是因为他们担心跷二郎腿可能导致血压读数暂时升高。到2010年，已经有7项研究发现跷二郎腿的确会导致血压读数升高，而另外一项研究发现此举不会产生任何影响。

表示“歪曲；曲解；使不公允；影响…的准确性”，英文解释为“to change or influence sth with the result that it is not accurate, fair, normal, etc.”如：to skew the statistics 影响统计数字的准确性。

These last-minute changes have skewed the company's results.

这些最后一刻才做出的改变影响了公司的业绩。

表示“读数（一件测量设备所显示的数字或量值）”，英文解释为“the number or amount that a piece of measuring equipment shows”，如：a thermometer reading 温度计读数。

However, many of these studies were small and relied on taking a blood pressure reading just once. One of the larger studies was conducted at a hypertension clinic in Istanbul. Researchers there took several readings with legs crossed and uncrossed. Again, blood pressure was higher when legs were crossed, but crucially when the measurements were repeated just three minutes after uncrossing the legs, blood pressure was back to the earlier levels. The greatest rise in blood pressure occurs in people already being treated for high blood pressure.

然而，很多研究的样本都很小，而且仅依赖于一次的血压读数。其中一次规模较大的研究是在伊斯坦布尔（Istanbul）的一间高血压诊所里进行的。那里的研究人员针对跷二郎腿和不跷二郎腿两种坐姿测量了多组数据，结果发现，跷二郎腿后的血压的确会上升。但关键在于，如果跷二郎腿3分钟后重复测量，血压读数又会恢复到之前的水平。血压上升幅度最大的是那些已经因为高血压而接受治疗的人。

表示“高血压”，英文解释为“a medical condition in which your blood pressure is extremely high.”

Two possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain why leg-crossing might lead to a temporary rise in blood pressure. One is that the action of putting one knee over the other sends blood from the legs up to the chest resulting in an increased quantity of blood being pumped out of the heart, raising blood pressure. An alternative explanation is that blood pressure rises because isometric exercise of the leg muscles (exercise without the joints moving) increases the resistance to the blood passing through the vessels. This might explain why crossing legs at the ankles doesn’t have the same effect.

有两种机制或许都有助于解释跷二郎腿为什么可能导致暂时的血压上升。一种是，将一条腿的膝盖架在另一条腿的膝盖上时，会将腿部血液向上挤压到胸腔，导致心脏压出的血液量增加，从而令血压升高。另外一种解释是，腿部肌肉的等长运动（不活动关节的运动）增加了血液流过血管时面临的阻力，导致血压升高。这或许可以解释为何交叉脚踝不会产生同样的效果。

1）表示“抽送；用泵（或泵样器官等）输送”，英文解释为“To pump a liquid or gas in a particular direction means to force it to flow in that direction using a pump.”举个🌰：

The money raised will be used to dig bore holes to pump water into the dried-up lake.

筹到的钱款将用来挖井眼，再将水抽入干涸的湖中。

2）表示“洗胃”，英文解释为“If someone has their stomach pumped, doctors remove the contents of their stomach, for example, because they have swallowed poison or drugs.”举个🌰：

One woman was rushed to the emergency room to have her stomach pumped.

一名妇女被紧急送进急诊室去洗胃。

isometric /ˌaɪsəʊˈmetrɪk/ 表示“等角的；等轴的；等距的”，英文解释为“Isometric drawing uses a method of drawing a shape with three dimensions using two dimensions.”如：isometric projection 等角投影。

表示“关节”，英文解释为“a place in your body where two bones are connected”如：an elbow/hip/knee joint 肘/髋/膝关节。

表示“阻力”，英文解释为“a force that acts to stop the progress of something or make it slower”举个🌰：

The car's speed was reduced by air/wind resistance.

汽车速度因为空气/风的阻力而下降。

vessel /ˈvɛsəl/ 1）表示“（盛液体的）容器，器皿”，英文解释为“a container used for holding liquids, such as a bowl, cup, etc.”如：a Bronze Age drinking vessel 青铜器时代的饮具。

2）表示“船，舰”，英文解释为“a large boat or a ship”如：a cargo/fishing/naval/patrol/sailing/supply vessel 货船/渔船/海军舰艇/巡逻艇/帆船/补给船。

In order to establish which of these explanations was the most likely, a study in Nijmegen in the Netherlands took a number of physiological measurements. The team found that resistance in the blood vessels didn’t rise when the heart rate was low and the legs were crossed, but the amount of blood leaving the heart did, suggesting that the increased blood pressure is due to crossed legs pushing blood up to the heart.

为了判断哪一种解释更符合实际，荷兰奈梅亨市（Nijmegen）的一项研究采用了多种生理测定指标。该团队发现，血管阻力并未在心率放慢和跷二郎腿时增加，但心脏压出的血液的确增多了，表明血压升高是因为跷二郎腿这个动作将更多的血液推向心脏所致。

physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“生理学的”，英文解释为“relating to the way in which the bodies of living things work”举个🌰：

Touching causes a physiological reaction.

触摸引起生理反应。

So crossing the legs does appear to cause a temporary rise in blood pressure, but the evidence for any long-term consequences simply isn’t there, with one exception. People at high risk of blood clots are advised not to cross their legs for long periods of time because for them, impeding the flow of blood could increase their risk of a deep vein thrombosis.

由此可见，跷二郎腿似乎的确会导致血压暂时升高，但仍然没有充足的证据可以表明这个动作会产生长期影响。不过，仍有一个例外：血栓风险较高的人群最好不要长时间跷二郎腿，因为对他们来说，阻碍血流可能增加深静脉血栓形成的风险。

表示“血栓；血凝块；血块”，英文解释为“a thick mass of blood that forms in a blood vessel and may block the flow of blood in the blood vessel”如：a blood clot on the brain 大脑中的血块。

thrombosis /θrɒmˈbəʊ.sɪs/ 表示“血栓形成”，英文解释为“a medical condition in which the flow of blood in the body is blocked by a clot (= half solid mass) of blood”

impede /ɪmˈpiːd/ 表示“妨碍，阻碍；阻止”，英文解释为“to make it more difficult for something to happen or more difficult for someone to do something”举个🌰：

Although he's shy, it certainly hasn't impeded his career in any way.

尽管他很害羞，但这显然一点儿也没有妨碍他的事业。

1）表示“静脉”，英文解释为“a tube that carries blood to the heart from the other parts of the body”

2）表示“（说话、写作）风格；方式”，英文解释为“in a particular style of speaking or writing about something”举个🌰：

A number of other people commented in a similar vein.

其他一些人也以类似的腔调评论。

But even if crossing your legs doesn’t give you high blood pressure in the long term, what about the idea that it can give you varicose veins? The reasons why some people suffer from varicose veins and others don’t is something of a mystery. Usually tiny valves in the blood vessels prevent blood from flowing back in the wrong direction, but if those valves become stretched and weakened the blood can pool, resulting in the enlarged veins we call varicose veins. Crossing the legs has not been demonstrated to be a crucial factor. Whether or not you get varicose veins seems, partly at least, to be down to genetics.

但即便跷二郎腿不会令血压长期升高，它又是否会导致静脉曲张呢？静脉曲张的形成因素并不神秘。通常而言，血管内有许多微小的瓣膜阻止血液向错误的方向倒流，但如果这些瓣膜被拉伸，引发功能受损，就会导致血管体积扩大，也就形成了我们所说的静脉曲张。还没有证据表明跷二郎腿是形成静脉曲张的关键原因。事实上，静脉曲张在一定程度上与遗传因素有关。

valve /vælv/ 表示“阀；活门；（心脏或血管的）瓣膜”，英文解释为“a device that opens and closes to control the flow of liquids or gases, or a similar structure in the heart and the veins that controls the flow of blood”举个🌰：

The valve failed to open/close.

阀门打不开/关不上了。

1）表示“伸出；伸长；拉伸”，英文解释为“to cause something to reach, often as far as possible, in a particular direction”举个🌰：

She stretched out her hand and helped him from his chair.

她伸手将他从椅子上扶起来。

2）表示“展开，铺开；延伸”，英文解释为“to spread over a large area or distance”举个🌰：

A huge cloud of dense smoke stretched across the horizon.

一大团浓烟在地平线上蔓延开来。

3）作名词，表示“（连续的）一段时间”，英文解释为“a continuous period of time”举个🌰：

The elderly generally need far less rest than the young, and tend to sleep in several short stretches.

年长者一般需要的休息时间比年轻人要少得多，而且往往会分成几个小段时间睡觉。

表示“由…决定；是…的责任”，英文解释为“to be someone's responsibility or decision”举个🌰：

It's down to me to find a suitable person for the job.

找到合适的人选做这项工作是我的责任。

So if veins, blood pressure and nerves are not affected by leg-crossing in the long-term, how about the impact on our joints? One study found that people who sat with their legs crossed for more than three hours a day were more likely to lean forward and to round their shoulders. But the research relied on people’s own estimations of how long they crossed their legs for. As I write this, I’m sitting at my desk and happen to have my legs crossed, but I would have no idea how many hours a day I spend sitting in this way. More recent research published this year found that if people were instructed to sit up straight while they crossed their legs the postural problems were overcome. Of course whether that’s maintained when you have no experimenter standing over you is another matter. Incidentally almost twice as many people reported crossing their right leg over their left knee than the other way around.

如果跷二郎腿不会对血管、血压和神经产生长期影响，那么这种姿势是否会对关节构成伤害呢？一项研究发现，如果一天跷二郎腿的时间超过3小时，就更有可能导致身体前倾和肩部变圆。但这项研究依靠的是人们对每天跷二郎腿的时间展开的自我评估。我写这篇文章时恰好也跷着二郎腿，但我并不知道我一天会有多长时间保持这种坐姿。今年发布的一项研究显示，如果人们在跷二郎腿时笔直坐立，便可克服姿态问题。当然，你身边能否有专门的人始终提醒你保持笔直的坐姿是另外一个问题。值得一提的是，习惯把右腿架在左腿上的人，几乎是习惯把左腿架在右腿上的人的两倍。

postural /ˈpɒs.tʃə.rəl/ 表示“姿态的，仪态的；姿势的”，英文解释为“relating to posture (= the position in which the body is held)”举个🌰：

Postural changes and weight gain cause some women to experience musculoskeletal pain during pregnancy.

姿态变化和体重增加可能在一些妇女身上造成肌肉骨骼疼痛。

Slouching doesn’t sound good, but if you are a fan of leg-crossing, you might like a rather curious study from the University Medical Centre in Rotterdam which found that it could bring benefits. Researchers examined young men and women as they sat with their legs either straight, crossed at the knee or crossed at both the knee and the ankle at once. They then simulated the exact angles of the posture in four embalmed pelvises, which allowed them to measure exactly what our muscles do when we cross our legs.

无精打采的姿态肯定不好，但如果你喜欢跷二郎腿，或许会对鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学医学中心（Erasmus University Medical Centre）的研究结论很感兴趣。他们发现，跷二郎腿也可以带来一些好处。研究人员对男性和女性两类人群的三种姿态展开了研究，包括：双腿放直、跷二郎腿、在跷二郎腿的同时交叉脚踝。他们随后对组成骨盆的4块骨头在对不同姿势下的具体角度进行了模拟，以此了解我们跷二郎腿时的肌肉状况。

slouch /slaʊtʃ/ 表示“低头垂肩地站（或坐、走）；没精打采地站（或坐、走）”，英文解释为“to stand, sit, or walk with the shoulders hanging forward and the head bent slightly over so that you look tired and bored”举个🌰：

Straighten your back - try not to slouch.

挺直后背——别没精打采的。

表示“模拟”，英文解释为“If you simulate a set of conditions, you create them artificially, for example, in order to conduct an experiment.”举个🌰：

The scientist developed one model to simulate a full year of the globe's climate.

这位科学家研制出一个模型，能模拟全年地球的气候。

pelvis /ˈpel.vɪs/ 表示“骨盆”，英文解释为“the bones that form a bowl-shaped structure in the area below the waist at the top of the legs, and to which the leg bones and spine are joined”。

They found that crossing the legs at the knee increased elongation in the piriformis muscle running behind the hip joint by 11% when compared with sitting with legs uncrossed, and by 21% when compared with standing (interestingly the tension was slightly less if the legs were crossed at the ankle too). The authors believe that this increases stability in their pelvic joints in a similar way to tensing the abdominal muscles does.

结果发现，与不交叉双腿相比，跷二郎腿会将髋关节后的梨状肌（piriformis muscle）的拉伸率提升11%，与站立姿势相比则增加了21%（有趣的是，跷二郎腿并同时交叉脚踝时的拉伸率反而略低）。研究人员认为，这可以增强骨盆关节的稳定性，效果与拉伸腹肌类似。

elongation /ˌiː.lɒŋˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“伸长；伸长率；延伸率；延长”，英文解释为“the process of becoming or making something become longer, and often thinner”

abdominal /æbˈdɒmɪnəl/ 表示“腹部的”，英文解释为“Abdominal is used to describe something that is situated in the abdomen or forms part of it.”

So if you like crossing your legs Kenny Everett-style then you’re unlikely to do yourself any damage, provided you don’t stay in the same position until your legs are numb. And whoever is sitting next to you on the bus or the train will be grateful to you for taking up less room than the man-spreaders.

所以，如果你喜欢跷二郎腿，这并不太可能对自己构成伤害，只要别长时间保持一个姿势不变导致双腿麻木即可。另外，当你乘坐公交车或地铁时，坐在你身旁的人肯定会因为你少占了一些空间而感激不尽。

- 今日盘点 -

cross your legs

trademark

extravagantly

man spread

squash

dietary

supplement

varicose vein

numb

sensation

pins and needles

skew

reading

hypertension

pump

isometric

joint

resistance

vessel

physiological

blood clot

thrombosis

impede

vein

valve

stretch

be down to sb

postural

slouch

simulate

pelvis

elongation

abdominal

看着看着，我又默默翘起了二郎腿...

公众号后台对话框里发送：666

参与抽奖（8月13日0点开）

公众号后台对话框里发送：沙发

查看沙发计划，抢沙发拿奖励

公众号后台对话框里发送：打卡

参与每天持续行动打卡计划

公众号后台对话框里发送：提问

查看提问指南，不懂先查再问

- 推荐阅读 -

2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

为了这个合集，准备了整整1年7月

「LearnAndRecord」2021大盘点

写在七周年的话

- END -