疫情时的大一新生大四了

听说，2019年上大一的新生，开学后大四了......

这疫情什么时候是个头啊......

无注释原文：

Is time flying by oddly quickly during COVID-19? Here’s why you may feel that way

From: Los Angeles Times

MAY 1, 2020

Think about your first day in quarantine. Does it feel like a lifetime ago? Or does it feel like yesterday?

Many people staying at home as a result of the coronavirus crisis are noticing time pass more strangely than usual. While some complain of days dragging on and on, others have taken to social media, explaining they feel the past several weeks have flown by eerily quickly.

Turns out, science can provide some insight into why our perception of time is a little wonkier than normal while in quarantine. Here’s what the experts say:

Why do some feel as though time is passing unnaturally quickly?

“Time does seem to be going really fast,” agrees Claudia Hammond, author of “Time Warped: Unlocking the Mysteries of Time Perception,” noting that it’s our perception of time that feels unusual, separate from the way time actually works. In our minds, “time can warp very easily,” she says. But why does this happen?

For those staying at home during the pandemic, it has a lot to do with our worlds shrinking to the bare minimum — staying at home for the vast majority of the day, with trips outside only for exercise or a visit to the grocery store. For the most part, we are not taking part in particularly memorable activities, like getting drinks with a friend, going to a sporting event or traveling, says Marc Wittmann, an author and research fellow at the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg, Germany. Now, there are fewer signals differentiating a Sunday from a Monday.

And if you’re doing the same thing every day — the new normal for many in quarantine — there’s no need to remember each day specifically. Even if time passes slowly in the moment, it’s likely that nothing will stand out upon looking back, causing you to perceive time has passed by quickly in the long run, Wittmann explains.

“The more emotional a memory, the longer perception of time duration.” This is why a weekend vacation will often feel longer than a weekend spent at home. And right now, many in quarantine are experiencing the opposite of a vacation, Hammond notes. “We’re not making loads of new memories now, so we don’t think lots of time has passed.”

James Broadway, an instructor of psychology at Lincoln Land Community College in Illinois, who has studied the brain’s perception of time, notes a similar phenomenon occurs when we age. The older we get, the fewer novel events we experience, which causes time to feel as if it’s going by faster than it did earlier in our lives. Hammond points out that a similar phenomenon can happen to people who are sick or incarcerated. Time will pass slowly as it’s experienced but then feel as if it’s gone by quickly in retrospect.

However, if you’ve felt as though time has taken a long time to pass during the pandemic, even retrospectively, you’re not alone. Adrian Bejan, a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Duke University, believes it’s possible the novelty of the quarantine experience could actually explain why weeks may feel like they’re dragging to some.

“The brain remembers the unusual,” he explains, and if our new routines are suddenly different, our brains would be bombarded with images worth remembering. This would then result in the perception that time is moving slowly over the quarantine experience, though it’s likely time will feel as though it’s speeding up again as the quarantine becomes more familiar.

It’s also important to note not everyone has the relative luxury of feeling bored at home while in quarantine. Many people are busier than ever, whether they’re working in a hospital on the front lines of the coronavirus or at home balancing a full work schedule while trying to home-school their children. It’s possible people who are busier than ever during the coronavirus crisis will look back and feel as though this period of their lives lasted longer than normal, Hammond suggests. “When they look back, it will be the other way around,” she says.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

Is time flying by oddly quickly during COVID-19? Here’s why you may feel that way

From: Los Angeles Times

MAY 1, 2020

Think about your first day in quarantine. Does it feel like a lifetime ago? Or does it feel like yesterday?

想想你被隔离的第一天，是感觉像是上辈子的事？还是感觉像昨天发生的？

剑桥词典2020年度词汇：quarantine /ˈkwɒrənˌtiːn/.

1）作名词，表示“隔离，检疫”，英文解释为“If a person or animal is in quarantine, they are being kept separate from other people or animals for a set period of time, usually because they have or may have a disease that could spread.”举个🌰：

She was sent home and put in quarantine.

她被送回家实施隔离。

2）作动词，表示“对…进行隔离”，英文解释为“If people or animals are quarantined, they are stopped from having contact with other people or animals. If a place is quarantined, people and animals are prevented from entering or leaving it.”举个🌰：

Dogs have to be quarantined for six months before they'll let them in.

狗必须被隔离6个月后他们才会放它们进来。

Many people staying at home as a result of the coronavirus crisis are noticing time pass more strangely than usual. While some complain of days dragging on and on, others have taken to social media, explaining they feel the past several weeks have flown by eerily quickly.

许多因新冠疫情而呆在家里的人注意到时间过得比平时更奇怪。有些人抱怨日子过得越来越慢时，有些人则在社交媒体上说，他们觉得过去几周的时间过得出奇地快。

表示“ (时间或事件) 拖沓；过得很慢；拖沓地进”，英文解释为“If a period of time or an event drags, it is very boring and seems to last a long time.”举个🌰：

The minutes dragged past. 时间一分一分地过去了。

eerily UK /ˈɪə.rəl.i/ US /ˈɪr.əl.i/ 表示“怪诞地；奇异地；可怕地”，英文解释为“in a strange, frightening, and mysterious way”

Turns out, science can provide some insight into why our perception of time is a little wonkier than normal while in quarantine. Here’s what the experts say:

事实证明，科学能给我们带来一些启发，说明为什么我们在隔离期间对时间的感知比正常情况下更古怪。以下是专家们的看法：

1）表示“认识，观念，看法”，英文解释为“a belief or opinion, often held by many people and based on how things seem”举个🌰：

These photographs will affect people's perceptions of war.

这些照片会影响人们对战争的看法。

2）表示“知觉；感知”，英文解释为“the way you notice things, especially with the senses”如：visual perception 视觉；

🎬电影《失落的大陆》（Land of the Lost）中的台词提到：he has terrible depth perception 他的深度感知力很差。

wonky /ˈwɒŋ.ki/ 表示“不稳的；摇晃的；歪斜的”，英文解释为“not steady; not straight”如：a wonky chair 摇摇晃晃的椅子。

Why do some feel as though time is passing unnaturally quickly?

为什么有些人觉得时间过得异常快？

“Time does seem to be going really fast,” agrees Claudia Hammond, author of “Time Warped: Unlocking the Mysteries of Time Perception,” noting that it’s our perception of time that feels unusual, separate from the way time actually works. In our minds, “time can warp very easily,” she says. But why does this happen?

“时间似乎确实过得很快，”《错觉在或不在，时间都在》（Time Warped: Unlocking the Mysteries of Time Perception）一书的作者克劳迪娅·哈蒙德（Claudia Hammond）表示认同。她指出，我们对时间的感知不同寻常，与时间如何流逝无关。在我们看来，“时间很容易扭曲，”她说。但是为什么会发生这种情况呢？

warp /wɔːp,wɔrp/ 作动词，1）表示“（使）扭曲；（使）变形”，英文解释为“if something warps, or if heat or cold warps it, it becomes bent or twisted, and loses its original shape”举个🌰：

The door must be warped. It won't close properly.

这门肯定是变形了，关不严。

2）表示“使（人或人的行为）反常，使变得乖戾；扭曲”，英文解释为“to make a person or their behaviour strange, in an unpleasant or harmful way”

Prison warps people. Had it warped Kelley enough that he would kill a stranger?

监狱扭曲人性。它有没有使凯利变态到会杀死一个陌生人呢？

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇关于《沧海鲸吟》（Fathoms）的书评文章中提到：From plastics to toxins, warming oceans, melting sea ice, acidifying waters and modified soundscapes, humanity is warping everything that whales need to live and thrive. 从塑料到毒素、海洋变暖、海冰融化、水体酸化和声景改变，人类正在扭曲着鲸鱼赖以生存和繁衍的一切。

📍time warp /ˈtaɪm ˌwɔːp/ 表示“（幻想一个历史阶段的人物和事件存在于另一个历史阶段的）时间异常，时间错位”，英文解释为“the idea of a change in the measurement of time, in which people and events from one part of history are imagined as existing in another part”

For those staying at home during the pandemic, it has a lot to do with our worlds shrinking to the bare minimum — staying at home for the vast majority of the day, with trips outside only for exercise or a visit to the grocery store. For the most part, we are not taking part in particularly memorable activities, like getting drinks with a friend, going to a sporting event or traveling, says Marc Wittmann, an author and research fellow at the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg, Germany. Now, there are fewer signals differentiating a Sunday from a Monday.

对于那些在疫情期间呆在家里的人来说，这与我们的世界缩小到最低限度有很大关系——一天中绝大部分时间呆在家里，只有在锻炼或去小卖部的时候才出去。德国弗莱堡（Freiburg）心理学和心理健康前沿领域研究所的作者、研究员马克·维特曼（Marc Wittmann）说，在大多数情况下，我们没有参加特别令人难忘的活动，如与朋友喝酒、参加体育比赛或旅行。现在，区分周日和周一的信号越来越少。

作动词，表示“（使）缩小，（使）变小”，英文解释为“to become smaller, or to make something smaller”举个🌰：

The market for their products is shrinking.

市场对他们产品的需求在减少。

表示“最低限度的，最少量的”，英文解释为“the least possible amount”举个🌰：

She eats only the bare minimum to stay alive.

她吃得极少，仅够活下去而已。

And if you’re doing the same thing every day — the new normal for many in quarantine — there’s no need to remember each day specifically. Even if time passes slowly in the moment, it’s likely that nothing will stand out upon looking back, causing you to perceive time has passed by quickly in the long run, Wittmann explains.

而且，如果你每天都在做同样的事情--这是许多被隔离者的新常态--就没有必要特别记住每一天。维特曼解释说，即使时间在当下过得很慢，但回顾过去，很可能什么都不突出，让你觉得从长远来看时间过得很快。

“The more emotional a memory, the longer perception of time duration.” This is why a weekend vacation will often feel longer than a weekend spent at home. And right now, many in quarantine are experiencing the opposite of a vacation, Hammond notes. “We’re not making loads of new memories now, so we don’t think lots of time has passed.”

“记忆越情绪化，对时间长度的感知就越长。”这就是为什么周末去度假通常会比在家度过的周末感觉更长。哈蒙德指出，现在，许多被隔离的人正在经历与度假相反的经历。“我们现在没有创造大量新记忆，所以我们不认为已经过去了很多时间。”

James Broadway, an instructor of psychology at Lincoln Land Community College in Illinois, who has studied the brain’s perception of time, notes a similar phenomenon occurs when we age. The older we get, the fewer novel events we experience, which causes time to feel as if it’s going by faster than it did earlier in our lives. Hammond points out that a similar phenomenon can happen to people who are sick or incarcerated. Time will pass slowly as it’s experienced but then feel as if it’s gone by quickly in retrospect.

伊利诺伊州（Illinois）林肯兰德社区学院（Lincoln Land Community College）的心理学讲师詹姆斯·布罗德维（James Broadway）曾研究过大脑对时间的感知，他指出当我们年老时也会出现类似的现象。我们的年龄越大，我们经历的新奇事件就越少，这导致我们感觉时间过得比我们生命早期更快。哈蒙德指出，类似的现象会发生在生病或被监禁的人身上。在经历的过程中，时间会过得很慢，但回想起来又觉得好像过的很快。

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑː.sər.eɪt/ 表示“监禁；禁闭”，英文解释为“to put or keep someone in prison or in a place used as a prison”举个🌰：

They were incarcerated for the duration of the war.

他们在战争期间被监禁。

in retrospect表示“回顾；回想”，英文解释为“thinking now about something in the past”举个🌰：

In retrospect, I think his marriage was doomed from the beginning.

现在回头看，我觉得他的婚姻从一开始就注定要破裂。

However, if you’ve felt as though time has taken a long time to pass during the pandemic, even retrospectively, you’re not alone. Adrian Bejan, a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Duke University, believes it’s possible the novelty of the quarantine experience could actually explain why weeks may feel like they’re dragging to some.

然而，如果你在疫情期间感到时间好像过了很久，即使是回想起来觉得过了很久，你也并不孤单。杜克大学（Duke University）机械工程和材料科学教授阿德里安·贝扬（Adrian Bejan）认为，隔离经历的新颖性实际上可能解释了为什么有些人可能觉得几周的时间很漫长。

“The brain remembers the unusual,” he explains, and if our new routines are suddenly different, our brains would be bombarded with images worth remembering. This would then result in the perception that time is moving slowly over the quarantine experience, though it’s likely time will feel as though it’s speeding up again as the quarantine becomes more familiar.

“大脑会记住不寻常的事情，”他解释道。如果我们的新生活习惯突然变化了，我们的大脑就会充斥着值得记住的图像。这将导致人们认为时间在隔离经历中移动缓慢，尽管随着隔离变得更加熟悉，可能会感觉到时间又在加速了。

bombard /bɒmˈbɑːd/ 1）表示“连续炮击；连续轰炸”，英文解释为“to attack a place with continuous shooting or bombs”举个🌰：

The troops bombarded the city, killing and injuring hundreds.

部队连续炮击了该市，导致数百人伤亡。

1）表示“大量提问；大肆抨击；提供过多信息”，英文解释为“to attack sb with a lot of questions, criticisms, etc. or by giving them too much information”举个🌰：

We have been bombarded with letters of complaint.

我们接二连三收到了大批的投诉信件。

📍耶鲁大学校长2018年毕业典礼演讲：跳出狭窄的朋友圈 尽你所能画更大更多的圈中提到：But if you're bombarded with the same stories, memes, and opinions from all your so-called friends, then your world may in fact be quite narrow. 但如果你所谓的“朋友”都在分享相同的故事、类似的观点，那么你的世界可能很窄。

It’s also important to note not everyone has the relative luxury of feeling bored at home while in quarantine. Many people are busier than ever, whether they’re working in a hospital on the front lines of the coronavirus or at home balancing a full work schedule while trying to home-school their children. It’s possible people who are busier than ever during the coronavirus crisis will look back and feel as though this period of their lives lasted longer than normal, Hammond suggests. “When they look back, it will be the other way around,” she says.

同样重要的是要注意，并不是每个人都有相对不常有的乐趣——被隔离在家里感到无聊。无论是在新冠疫情前线的医院工作，还是在家里要平衡工作和带娃学习的人，许多人都比以往任何时候都更忙。哈蒙德建议，在疫情期间比以往任何时候都更忙的人有可能回过头来，觉得他们生活中的这段时期似乎比正常情况下持续的时间更长。“当他们回头看时，情况正好相反，”她说。

表示“自主学习，在家教育”，英文解释为“to teach a child at home rather than sending him or her to school”

表示“相反地，倒过来，以相反方式”，英文解释为“happening in the opposite way”举个🌰：

I thought the older people would be more offended than the young people, but it was the other way around.

我以为那位老人会比年轻人更加生气，结果情况恰恰相反。

- 今日盘点 -

quarantine

drag

eerily

perception

wonky

warp

shrink

bare minimum

incarcerate

in retrospect

bombard

home-school

the other way around

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