「Part 5」一起来学二十大报告双语版！

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- We have achieved moderate prosperity, the millennia-old dream of the Chinese nation, through persistent hard work.

表示“中等的；不过分的，适度的”，英文解释为“neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength”举个🌰：

The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family.

这间小屋中等大小——正适合一个小家庭。

表示“成功；（尤指经济上的）繁荣，昌盛”，英文解释为“the state of being successful and having a lot of money”举个🌰：

A country's future prosperity depends, to an extent, upon the quality of education of its people.

一个国家未来的繁荣昌盛在一定程度上取决于国民的教育质量。

millennial /mɪˈlen.i.əl/ 表示“一千年的，千禧年的；与2000年有关的”，英文解释为“relating to a millennium or to the year 2000”如：millennial celebrations 千禧年庆祝活动。

我国发展站在了更高历史起点上。

With this, we have elevated China to a higher historical starting point in development.

我们坚持精准扶贫、尽锐出战，打赢了人类历史上规模最大的脱贫攻坚战，

By galvanizing the entire nation to carry out targeted poverty alleviation, we have won the largest battle against poverty in human history.

galvanize /ˈɡæl.və.naɪz/ 表示“激起；使震惊；使振奋”，英文解释为“to cause someone to suddenly take action, especially by shocking or exciting them in some way”举个🌰：

Charities were galvanized by TV pictures of starving people.

饥民的照片在电视上播出后，慈善组织倍感震惊，马上行动了起来。

全国八百三十二个贫困县全部摘帽，近一亿农村贫困人口实现脱贫，九百六十多万贫困人口实现易地搬迁，

A total of 832 impoverished counties and close to 100 million poor rural residents have been lifted out of poverty, and, among them, more than 9.6 million poverty-stricken people have been relocated from inhospitable areas.

表示“赤贫的；不名一文的”，英文解释为“very poor; without money”如：impoverished peasants 贫困的农民，impoverished counties 贫困县。

poverty-stricken /ˈpɒv.ə.tiˌstrɪk.ən/ 表示“贫困的，一贫如洗的”，英文解释为“A poverty-stricken person or place is suffering from the effects of being extremely poor.”举个🌰：

Some beggars are neither poverty-stricken nor homeless.

有些乞丐既不穷也并非无家可归。

表示“（使）搬迁，迁移；重新安置”，英文解释为“to move or to move sb/sth to a new place to work or operate”举个🌰：

The firm may be forced to relocate from Hangzhou to Shanghai.

公司也许会被迫从杭州迁移到上海。

inhospitable /ˌɪn.hɒsˈpɪt.ə.bəl/ 1）表示“不好客的；不殷勤待客的”，英文解释为“not welcoming or generous to people who visit you”举个🌰：

I'll have to cook them a meal or they'll think I'm inhospitable.

我得给他们做顿饭，否则他们会认为我不好客。

2）表示“（地区）难以居住的，条件恶劣的”，英文解释为“An inhospitable area is not suitable for humans to live in.”举个🌰：

They had to trek for miles through inhospitable countryside.

他们不得不在条件恶劣的乡野艰苦跋涉数英里。

历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，为全球减贫事业作出了重大贡献。

We have, once and for all, resolved the problem of absolute poverty in China, making significant contributions to the cause of global poverty reduction.

表示“彻底了结地；一劳永逸地”，英文解释为“completely and in a way that will finally solve a problem”举个🌰：

Our intention is to destroy their offensive capability once and for all.

我们的目的是彻底摧毁他们的进攻能力。

——我们提出并贯彻新发展理念，着力推进高质量发展，推动构建新发展格局，

- We have put forward and applied a new development philosophy, worked hard to promote high-quality development, and pushed to foster a new pattern of development.

实施供给侧结构性改革，制定一系列具有全局性意义的区域重大战略，我国经济实力实现历史性跃升。

We have carried out supply-side structural reform, formulated a series of major regional strategies important to China’s overall development, and brought about a historic rise in China's economic strength.

formulate /ˈfɔː.mjə.leɪt/ 表示“制订；规划；构想”，英文解释为“to develop all the details of a plan for doing something”如：to formulate a new plan 制订一个新计划。

表示“引起；导致”，英文解释为“to cause something to happen”举个🌰：

He brought about his company's collapse by his reckless spending.

他挥霍无度导致公司倒闭。

国内生产总值从五十四万亿元增长到一百一十四万亿元，我国经济总量占世界经济的比重达百分之十八点五，提高七点二个百分点，稳居世界第二位；人均国内生产总值从三万九千八百元增加到八万一千元。

In the past decade, China’s GDP has grown from 54 trillion yuan to 114 trillion yuan to account for 18.5 percent of the world economy, up 7.2 percentage points. China has remained the world's second largest economy, and its per capita GDP has risen from 39,800 yuan to 81,000 yuan.

Gross Domestic Product的缩写，表示“国内生产总值”，英文解释为“abbreviation for Gross Domestic Product: the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year”

谷物总产量稳居世界首位，十四亿多人的粮食安全、能源安全得到有效保障。

It ranks first in the world in terms of grain output, and it has ensured food and energy security for its more than 1.4 billion people.

城镇化率提高十一点六个百分点，达到百分之六十四点七。

The number of permanent urban residents has grown by 11.6 percentage point to account for 64.7 percent of the population.

注：城镇化率一般指城市化率。城市化率是城市化的度量指标，一般采用人口统计学指标，即城镇人口占总人口（包括农业与非农业）的比重。

制造业规模、外汇储备稳居世界第一。

China's manufacturing sector is the largest in the world, as are its foreign exchange reserves.

建成世界最大的高速铁路网、高速公路网，机场港口、水利、能源、信息等基础设施建设取得重大成就。

China has built the world's largest networks of high-speed railways and expressways and made major achievements in building airports, ports, and water conservancy, energy, information, and other infrastructure.

conservancy /kənˈsɜː.vən.si/ 1)表示“（对自然资源的）保护，管理”，英文解释为“the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity”举个🌰：

He promotes healthy living and conservancy of the ocean.

他倡导健康生活和海洋保护。

2)表示“（自然资源）保护机构”，英文解释为“an organization whose aim is to protect natural areas or interesting and important places, and the animals and plants living in them”

我们加快推进科技自立自强，全社会研发经费支出从一万亿元增加到二万八千亿元，居世界第二位，研发人员总量居世界首位。

We have accelerated efforts to build our self-reliance and strength in science and technology, with nationwide R&D spending rising from 1 trillion yuan to 2.8 trillion yuan, the second highest in the world. Our country is now home to the largest cohort of R&D personnel in the world.

cohort /ˈkoʊ.hɔːrt/ 表示“有共同特点（通常指年龄）的一群人”，英文解释为“a group of people who share a characteristic, usually age”举个🌰：

This study followed up a cohort of 100 patients aged 65+ for six months after their discharge home.

这项研究对100位年龄在65岁以上、出院回家的患者进行了6个月的跟踪观察。

基础研究和原始创新不断加强，一些关键核心技术实现突破，战略性新兴产业发展壮大，

We have grown stronger in basic research and original innovation, made breakthroughs in some core technologies in key fields, and boosted emerging strategic industries.

载人航天、探月探火、深海深地探测、超级计算机、卫星导航、量子信息、核电技术、大飞机制造、生物医药等取得重大成果，进入创新型国家行列。

We have witnessed major successes on multiple fronts, including manned spaceflight, lunar and Martian exploration, deep sea and deep earth probes, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, airliner manufacturing, and biomedicine. China has joined the ranks of the world’s innovators.

——我们以巨大的政治勇气全面深化改革，

- We have comprehensively deepened reform with tremendous political courage.

打响改革攻坚战，加强改革顶层设计，

We have carried out critical tasks and enhanced top-level design for reform.

敢于突进深水区，敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩，敢于面对新矛盾新挑战，

We have dared to brave uncharted waters, take on tough problems, navigate potential dangers, and face new issues and challenges.

brave /breɪv/ 表示“勇敢面对；冒（风险）”，英文解释为“to deal with an unpleasant or difficult situation”举个🌰：

Let's brave the snow and go for a walk (= go for a walk even though it is snowing).

我们冒雪去散步好吗？

uncharted /ʌnˈtʃɑː.tɪd/ 表示“（地方或处境）全新的，未知的，无人涉足的”，英文解释为“An uncharted place or situation is completely new and therefore has never been described before.”举个🌰：

Nuclear fusion has taken physicists into uncharted seas/territory/waters (= a new and unknown area).

核聚变将物理学家们带入了全新的未知领域。

冲破思想观念束缚，突破利益固化藩篱，坚决破除各方面体制机制弊端，

We have broken the shackles of stale thinking, torn down barriers erected by vested interests, and removed institutional obstacles in all areas.

shackles /ˈʃæk.əlz/ 表示“束缚，障碍”，英文解释为“something that prevents you from doing what you want to do”，也可以表示“镣铐”，英文解释为“a pair of metal rings connected by a chain and fastened to a person's wrists or the bottom of their legs to prevent them from escaping”

1）表示“不再有趣的，没有新意的，乏味的”，英文解释为“not interesting or exciting any more”，如：stale jokes 老掉牙的笑话。

2）也可以指“（面包、蛋糕）不新鲜的，变味的”，英文解释为“bread or cake that is stale is no longer fresh or good to eat”，如：stale cake 不新鲜的蛋糕；

3）表示“（空气）不新鲜的，污浊的”，英文解释为“air that is stale is not fresh or pleasant”，如：the smell of stale smoke 污浊的烟味。

作动词，1）表示“建造，建立”，英文解释为“to build something such as a building or wall”；或者是“搭建，竖起”，英文解释为“to fix all the pieces of something together, and put it in an upright position”，举个🌰：

The building was erected in 1850-1870.

该建筑建于1850-1870年间。

2）也可以指“创建，确立（体系或制度）”，如：erect a system, a theory, or an institution.

erect本身也可以作形容词，表示“直立的，垂直的；（腰板）直的；昂首挺胸的”，英文解释为“in a straight upright position; standing with your back and neck very straight”，举个🌰：

He's very tall and erect for his 85 years.

尽管已经85岁了，他还是那样挺拔高大。

表示“既得利益”，英文解释为“a strong personal interest in something because you could get an advantage from it”举个🌰：

As both a teacher and parent, she had a vested interest in seeing the school remain open.

身为教师兼家长，保证学校不被关闭符合她的既得利益。

各领域基础性制度框架基本建立，许多领域实现历史性变革、系统性重塑、整体性重构，新一轮党和国家机构改革全面完成，

This has enabled us to put in place foundational institutional frameworks in all sectors, to achieve historic, systemic, and holistic transformations in many fields, and to complete a new round of reform in Party and state institutions.

中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型，国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平明显提高。

The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become more mature and well-defined, and China’s system and capacity for governance have been further modernized.

表示“表述清楚的；明确的”，英文解释为“clearly expressed, explained, or described”举个🌰：

Scientists follow several well-defined steps in investigating unexpected outbreaks of disease.

科学家们在研究疾病的突发情况时都会遵循几个明确的步骤。

「短语归纳」

制造业

manufacturing sector

外汇储备

foreign exchange reserves

水利

water conservancy

推进科技自立自强

build our self-reliance and strength in science and technology

全社会研发经费支出

nationwide R&D spending

研发人员

R&D personnel

关键（领域）核心技术

core technologies in key fields

战略性新兴产业

emerging strategic industries

载人航天

manned spaceflight

探月探火

lunar and Martian exploration

深海深地探测

deep sea and deep earth probes

卫星导航

satellite navigation

量子信息

quantum information

核电技术

nuclear power technology

大飞机制造

airliner manufacturing

生物医药

biomedicine

顶层设计

top-level design

突进深水区

brave uncharted waters

啃硬骨头

take on tough problems

涉险滩

navigate potential dangers

冲破思想观念束缚

break the shackles of stale thinking

突破藩篱

tear down barriers

基础性制度框架

foundational institutional frameworks

各方面

in all areas

各领域

in all sectors

许多领域

in many fields

实现历史性变革、系统性重塑、整体性重构

achieve historic, systemic, and holistic transformations

国家机构

state institutions

中国特色社会主义制度

the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics

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