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IX. Improving the People’s Wellbeing and Raising Quality of Life

江山就是人民，人民就是江山。

This country is its people; the people are the country.

中国共产党领导人民打江山、守江山，守的是人民的心。

As the Communist Party of China has led the people in fighting to establish and develop the People’s Republic, it has really been fighting for their support.

治国有常，利民为本。

Bringing benefit to the people is the fundamental principle of governance.

为民造福是立党为公、执政为民的本质要求。

Working for the people’s wellbeing is an essential part of the Party’s commitment to serving the public good and exercising governance for the people.

必须坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，鼓励共同奋斗创造美好生活，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。

We must ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing in the course of pursuing development and encourage everyone to work hard together to meet the people’s aspirations for a better life.

我们要实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益，

We must strive to realize, safeguard, and advance the fundamental interests of all our people.

紧紧抓住人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，坚持尽力而为、量力而行，

To this end, we must do everything within our capacity to resolve the most practical problems that are of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.

深入群众、深入基层，采取更多惠民生、暖民心举措，着力解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题，

We will stay engaged with our people and their communities, adopt more measures that deliver real benefits to the people and win their approval, and work hard to resolve the pressing difficulties and problems that concern them most.

表示“紧迫的，迫切的”，英文解释为“urgent or needing to be dealt with immediately”如：a pressing need for housing 对住房的迫切需求。

健全基本公共服务体系，提高公共服务水平，增强均衡性和可及性，扎实推进共同富裕。

We will improve the basic public services system to raise public service standards and make public services more balanced and accessible, so as to achieve solid progress in promoting common prosperity.

（一）完善分配制度。

1. Improving the system of income distribution

分配制度是促进共同富裕的基础性制度。

The system of income distribution is the foundational system for promoting common prosperity.

坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系。

We will keep distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple forms of distribution existing alongside it, and we will build an institutional framework under which primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution are well coordinated and mutually complementary.

the mainstay of sth 表示“…的支柱；…的主要依靠”，英文解释为“the most important part of something, providing support for everything else”举个🌰：

Cattle farming is the mainstay of the country's economy.

养牛业是这个国家的经济支柱。

tertiary /ˈtɜː.ʃər.i/ 表示“第三的；第三级的；第三位的”，英文解释为“relating to a third level or stage”

complementary /ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i/ 表示“补充的；互补的；补足的”，英文解释为“useful or attractive together”如：complementary colours/flavours/skills 互补色/风味/技能。

努力提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。

We will work to raise the share of personal income in the distribution of national income and give more weight to work remuneration in primary distribution.

remuneration /rɪˌmjuː.nərˈeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“酬报；所给的酬劳”，英文解释为“payment for work or services”举个🌰：

They demanded adequate remuneration for their work.

他们要求为他们的工作偿付足够的报酬。

坚持多劳多得，鼓励勤劳致富，

We will ensure more pay for more work and encourage people to achieve prosperity through hard work.

促进机会公平，增加低收入者收入，扩大中等收入群体。

We will promote equality of opportunity, increase the incomes of low-income earners, and expand the size of the middle-income group.

完善按要素分配政策制度，探索多种渠道增加中低收入群众要素收入，多渠道增加城乡居民财产性收入。

We will improve the policy system for distribution based on factors of production, explore multiple avenues to enable the low- and middle-income groups to earn more from production factors, and increase the property income of urban and rural residents through more channels.

表示“方法；途径；渠道”，英文解释为“a method or way of doing something”举个🌰：

We should pursue every avenue in the search for an answer to this problem.

我们应该尝试一切途径寻求该问题的答案。

加大税收、社会保障、转移支付等的调节力度。

We will enhance the roles of taxation, social security, and transfer payments in regulating income distribution.

完善个人所得税制度，规范收入分配秩序，规范财富积累机制，

We will improve the personal income tax system and keep income distribution and the means of accumulating wealth well-regulated.

表示“积累；积聚；积攒”，英文解释为“to collect a large number of things over a long period of time”举个🌰：

As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.

人们积累了更多财富后，他们的花费占收入的比重也往往会增加。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情期间房价上涨的文章中提到：Professionals who have carried on working from home but cut back on their spending have accumulated cash to splash. 那些改换成在家中继续工作但减少了开支的专业人士则积攒了可大笔支出的现金。

对比：

📍amass 表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：

He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers.

他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。

📍rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”，英文解释为“If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.”

保护合法收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入。

We will protect lawful income, adjust excessive income, and prohibit illicit income.

表示“非法的；违禁的；社会不容许的”，英文解释为“illegal or disapproved of by society”如：illicit drugs such as cocaine and cannabis 可卡因和大麻之类的违禁药物。

引导、支持有意愿有能力的企业、社会组织和个人积极参与公益慈善事业。

We will provide guidance and support for enterprises, social organizations, and individuals who have the desire and ability to actively participate in charitable and public-interest initiatives.

（二）实施就业优先战略。

2. Implementing the employment-first strategy

就业是最基本的民生。

Employment is the most basic component of the people’s wellbeing.

强化就业优先政策，健全就业促进机制，促进高质量充分就业。

We need to intensify efforts to implement the employment-first policy and improve related mechanisms to promote high-quality and full employment.

健全就业公共服务体系，完善重点群体就业支持体系，加强困难群体就业兜底帮扶。

We will refine the public services system for employment and the system of providing employment support for key groups and do more to help those in difficulty find employment and meet their basic needs.

统筹城乡就业政策体系，破除妨碍劳动力、人才流动的体制和政策弊端，消除影响平等就业的不合理限制和就业歧视，

We will integrate the urban and rural employment policy systems, remove institutional and policy barriers that impede the flow of labor and talent, and eliminate unjustified restrictions and discrimination that undermine equal employment.

impede /ɪmˈpiːd/ 表示“妨碍，阻碍；阻止”，英文解释为“to make it more difficult for something to happen or more difficult for someone to do something”举个🌰：

Although he's shy, it certainly hasn't impeded his career in any way.

尽管他很害羞，但这显然一点儿也没有妨碍他的事业。

表示“（常指逐渐地）削弱信心、权威等，损害”，英文解释为“to make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually”举个🌰：

Criticism just undermines their confidence.

批评只是削弱了他们的信心。

使人人都有通过勤奋劳动实现自身发展的机会。

In this way, we will ensure that everyone has the opportunity to pursue a career through hard work.

健全终身职业技能培训制度，推动解决结构性就业矛盾。

We will improve the system of lifelong vocational training and tackle structural unemployment.

完善促进创业带动就业的保障制度，支持和规范发展新就业形态。

We will improve the system for creating jobs by encouraging business startups and support and regulate the development of new forms of employment.

健全劳动法律法规，完善劳动关系协商协调机制，完善劳动者权益保障制度，加强灵活就业和新就业形态劳动者权益保障。

We will improve labor laws and regulations, the mechanisms for labor relation consultations and mediation, and the systems for safeguarding workers’ rights and interests, and we will do more to protect the rights and interests of those in flexible employment and new forms of employment.

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「重点归纳」

improving the people’s wellbeing

江山就是人民，人民就是江山。

This country is its people; the people are the country.

治国有常，利民为本。

Bringing benefit to the people is the fundamental principle of governance.

为民造福

Working for the people’s wellbeing

执政为民

exercising governance for the people

保障和改善民生

ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing

实现人民对美好生活的向往

meet the people’s aspirations for a better life

最广大人民根本利益

the fundamental interests of all our people

人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题

the most practical problems that are of the greatest and most direct concern to the people

尽力而为、量力而行

do everything within our capacity

深入群众、深入基层

stay engaged with our people and their communities

惠民生、暖民心

deliver real benefits to the people and win their approval

人民群众急难愁盼问题

the pressing difficulties and problems that concern them most

基本公共服务体系

the basic public services system

提高公共服务水平

raise public service standards

扎实推进共同富裕

achieve solid progress in promoting common prosperity

分配制度

the system of income distribution

促进共同富裕

promoting common prosperity

坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存

keep distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple forms of distribution existing alongside it

初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套

primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution are well coordinated and mutually complementary

居民收入

personal income

国民收入

national income

初次分配

primary distribution

劳动报酬

work remuneration

勤劳致富

chieve prosperity through hard work

促进机会公平

promote equality of opportunity,

低收入者

low-income earners

中低收入群众

the low- and middle-income groups

中等收入群体

the middle-income group

按要素分配政策制度

the policy system for distribution based on factors of production

探索多种渠道

explore multiple avenues

多渠道

through more channels

城乡居民财产性收入

the property income of urban and rural residents

税收、社会保障、转移支付

taxation, social security, and transfer payments

个人所得税制度

the personal income tax system

财富积累机制

the means of accumulating wealth

保护合法收入

protect lawful income

调节过高收入

adjust excessive income

取缔非法收入

prohibit illicit income

积极参与公益慈善事业

actively participate in charitable and public-interest initiatives

就业优先战略

the employment-first strategy

就业是最基本的民生。

Employment is the most basic component of the people’s wellbeing.

就业公共服务体系

the public services system for employment

重点群体就业支持体系

the system of providing employment support for key groups

统筹城乡就业政策体系

integrate the urban and rural employment policy systems

体制和政策弊端

institutional and policy barriers

妨碍劳动力、人才流动

impede the flow of labor and talent

影响平等就业

undermine equal employment

不合理限制

unjustified restrictions

通过勤奋劳动实现自身发展

pursue a career through hard work

终身职业技能培训制度

the system of lifelong vocational training

新就业形态

new forms of employment

劳动法律法规

labor laws and regulations

劳动关系协商协调机制

the mechanisms for labor relation consultations and mediation

劳动者权益保障制度

the systems for safeguarding workers’ rights and interests

灵活就业

flexible employment

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