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XII. Achieving the Centenary Goal of the People’s Liberation Army and Further Modernizing National Defense and the Military

centenary /sɛnˈtiːnərɪ/ 表示“一百周年（纪念）”，英文解释为“the day or year exactly 100 years after a particular event”如：a concert to mark the centenary of the composer's birth 纪念这位作曲家百年华诞的音乐会。

如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，加快把人民军队建成世界一流军队，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的战略要求。

Achieving the goals for the centenary of the People’s Liberation Army in 2027 and more quickly elevating our people’s armed forces to world-class standards are strategic tasks for building a modern socialist country in all respects.

必须贯彻新时代党的强军思想，贯彻新时代军事战略方针，坚持党对人民军队的绝对领导，

To this end, we must apply the thinking on strengthening the military for the new era, implement the military strategy for the new era, and maintain the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces.

坚持政治建军、改革强军、科技强军、人才强军、依法治军，

We will continue to enhance political loyalty in the military, strengthen the military through reform, science and technology, and personnel training, and run the military in accordance with the law.

坚持边斗争、边备战、边建设，

We will simultaneously carry out operations, boost combat preparedness, and enhance our military capabilities.

坚持机械化信息化智能化融合发展，加快军事理论现代化、军队组织形态现代化、军事人员现代化、武器装备现代化，

We will continue integrated development of the military through mechanization, informatization, and the application of smart technologies and work faster to modernize military theory, organizational forms, personnel, and weaponry and equipment.

提高捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益战略能力，有效履行新时代人民军队使命任务。

We will enhance the military’s strategic capabilities for defending China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests and see that the people’s armed forces effectively fulfill their missions and tasks in the new era.

sovereignty /ˈsɒvrəntɪ/ 表示“主权，统治权”，英文解释为“the power of a country to control its own government”

全面加强人民军队党的建设，确保枪杆子永远听党指挥。

We will strengthen Party building across the board in the people’s armed forces to ensure that they always obey the Party’s command.

obey /əʊˈbeɪ/ 表示“服从，顺从；遵守，遵循”，英文解释为“to act according to what you have been asked or ordered to do by someone in authority, or to behave according to a rule, law, or instruction”

健全贯彻军委主席负责制体制机制。

We will improve the institutions and mechanisms for implementing the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission.

1）表示“是（某人）的责任；由（某人）负责”，英文解释为“If a responsibility or decision rests with someone, they are responsible for it.”举个🌰：

The authority to call an emergency meeting rests with the president. 召集紧急会议的权力在总统手中。

2）rest with sb/sth表示“依靠；依赖；寄托于”，英文解释为“to depend on someone or something”举个🌰：

Our hopes rest with you. 我们的希望寄托在你身上。

深化党的创新理论武装，开展“学习强军思想、建功强军事业”教育实践活动。

We will continue to arm our military service members with the Party’s new theories and carry out activities so that they gain a good command of the thinking on strengthening the military and contribute their share to building a strong military.

加强军史学习教育，繁荣发展强军文化，强化战斗精神培育。

We will encourage military personnel to learn more about the history of the military, promote a thriving military culture, and redouble efforts to foster our military’s fighting spirit.

建强人民军队党的组织体系，推进政治整训常态化制度化，持之以恒正风肃纪反腐。

We will strengthen Party organizations in the people’s armed forces, carry out regular activities and put in place institutions to improve the military’s political work, and make unremitting efforts to improve conduct, enforce discipline, and combat corruption in the military.

unremitting /ˌʌn.rɪˈmɪt.ɪŋ/ 表示“不停的；不懈的；持续不断的”，英文解释为“never stopping, becoming weaker, or failing”举个🌰：

His unremitting labours have ensured the success of the whole project. 他不懈的努力确保了整个计划的成功。

全面加强练兵备战，提高人民军队打赢能力。

We will intensify troop training and enhance combat preparedness across the board to see that our people’s armed forces can fight and win.

研究掌握信息化智能化战争特点规律，创新军事战略指导，发展人民战争战略战术。

We will study and gain a good grasp of the characteristics of informatized and intelligent warfare and the laws that govern it, provide new military strategic guidance, and develop strategies and tactics for a people’s war.

打造强大战略威慑力量体系，增加新域新质作战力量比重，加快无人智能作战力量发展，统筹网络信息体系建设运用。

We will establish a strong system of strategic deterrence, increase the proportion of new-domain forces with new combat capabilities, speed up the development of unmanned, intelligent combat capabilities, and promote coordinated development and application of the network information system.

deterrence /dɪˈter.əns/ 表示“威慑；遏制；制止”，英文解释为“the action or the fact of deterring people from doing something”举个🌰：

They believed in the principle of nuclear deterrence. 他们相信核武器的威慑力。

unmanned /ʌnˈmænd/ 表示“（宇宙飞船或岗哨）无人的”，英文解释为“used to refer to a spacecraft, or a place where military guards work, that has no people present to operate or be in charge of it”如：an unmanned mission to the planet Mars 对火星的无人探测飞行。

优化联合作战指挥体系，推进侦察预警、联合打击、战场支撑、综合保障体系和能力建设。

We will improve the command system for joint operations and enhance our systems and capacity for reconnaissance and early warning, joint strikes, battlefield support, and integrated logistics support.

reconnaissance /rɪˈkɒnɪsəns/ 表示“侦察”，英文解释为“the process of getting information about enemy forces or positions by sending out small groups of soldiers or by using aircraft, etc.”

深入推进实战化军事训练，深化联合训练、对抗训练、科技练兵。

We will intensify military training under combat conditions, laying emphasis on joint training, force-on-force training, and high-tech training.

加强军事力量常态化多样化运用，坚定灵活开展军事斗争，

We will become more adept at deploying our military forces on a regular basis and in diversified ways, and our military will remain both steadfast and flexible as it carries out its operations.

adept /əˈdɛpt/ 表示“娴熟的”，英文解释为“Someone who is adept at something can do it skilfully.”举个🌰：

He's usually very adept at keeping his private life out of the media. 他通常十分擅长于使他的私生活远离媒体。

🎬电影《太空堡垒卡拉狄加：利刃》（Battlestar Galactica Razor）中的台词提到：And since it's so adept at mimicking human feeling, 既然它能如此逼真地模仿人类情感

塑造安全态势，遏控危机冲突，打赢局部战争。

This will enable us to shape our security posture, deter and manage crises and conflicts, and win local wars.

全面加强军事治理，

We will strengthen all-around military governance.

巩固拓展国防和军队改革成果，完善军事力量结构编成，体系优化军事政策制度。

We will build on and expand the gains of national defense and military reform, improve the structure and composition of the armed forces, and refine the framework of military policies and institutions.

加强国防和军队建设重大任务战建备统筹，

In fulfilling major tasks for national defense and military development, we will coordinate our operations, capacity building, and combat preparedness.

加快建设现代化后勤，实施国防科技和武器装备重大工程，加速科技向战斗力转化。

We will speed up the development of modern logistics, implement major projects to develop defense-related science and technology, weaponry, and equipment, and move faster to translate scientific and technological advances into combat capabilities.

深化军队院校改革，建强新型军事人才培养体系，创新军事人力资源管理。

We will deepen the reform of military universities and colleges, build a strong system for training new types of military personnel, and develop new ways to manage military human resources.

加强依法治军机制建设和战略规划，完善中国特色军事法治体系。

We will strengthen mechanisms and strategic planning for running the armed forces in accordance with the law and improve the Chinese system for law-based administration of military affairs.

改进战略管理，提高军事系统运行效能和国防资源使用效益。

We will refine strategic management, improve the performance of the military system, and put defense resources to better use.

巩固提高一体化国家战略体系和能力。

We will consolidate and enhance integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities.

加强军地战略规划统筹、政策制度衔接、资源要素共享。

We will better coordinate strategies and plans, align policies and systems, and share resources and production factors between the military and civilian sectors.

优化国防科技工业体系和布局，加强国防科技工业能力建设。

We will improve the system and layout of science, technology, and industries related to national defense and step up capacity building in these areas.

深化全民国防教育。

We will raise public awareness of the importance of national defense.

加强国防动员和后备力量建设，推进现代边海空防建设。

We will improve our national defense mobilization capacity and the development of our reserve forces, and we will modernize our border, coastal, and air defense.

表示“（军队的）动员”，英文解释为“the act of preparing to fight, especially in a war”举个🌰：

The mobilization of troops is to control the access along our border. 调动军队是为了控制我们边境的往来通行。

📍2020年政府工作报告提到：完善国防动员体系，始终让军政军民团结坚如磐石。We will improve the system of national defense mobilization and ensure that the unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people remains rock solid.

加强军人军属荣誉激励和权益保障，

We will better motivate service personnel and their family members through military honors and do more to protect their rights and interests.

做好退役军人服务保障工作。

Better services and support will be provided to ex-service personnel.

巩固发展军政军民团结。

We will consolidate and boost unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.

人民军队始终是党和人民完全可以信赖的英雄军队，

Our people’s armed forces are a heroic fighting force that enjoys the full trust of the Party and the people.

有信心、有能力维护国家主权、统一和领土完整，有信心、有能力为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供战略支撑，有信心、有能力为世界和平与发展作出更大贡献！

They have the confidence and the ability to safeguard China’s sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity; the confidence and the ability to provide strategic support for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; and the confidence and the ability to make yet greater contributions to world peace and development.

表示“领土的；领地的；土地的”，英文解释为“relating to territory”举个🌰：

Some animals and birds are territorial (= they mark out areas which they defend against others). 有些动物和鸟类有领地意识。

1）表示“完整”，英文解释为“the quality of being whole and complete”举个🌰：

A modern extension on the old building would ruin its architectural integrity. 在古老建筑物上附加扩建的现代建筑会破坏建筑风格的完整统一。

2）表示“正直；诚实；职业操守”，英文解释为“the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles that you refuse to change”举个🌰：

No one doubted that the president was a man of the highest integrity. 没有人怀疑总裁是个光明磊落的人。

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「重点归纳」

the centenary of the People’s Liberation Army

人民军队

the people’s armed forces

战略要求

strategic tasks

全面建设社会主义现代化国家

building a modern socialist country in all respects

新时代党的强军思想

the thinking on strengthening the military for the new era

新时代军事战略方针

the military strategy for the new era

党对人民军队的绝对领导

the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces

政治建军

enhance political loyalty in the military

改革强军、科技强军、人才强军

strengthen the military through reform, science and technology, and personnel training,

依法治军

run the military in accordance with the law

边斗争、边备战、边建设

simultaneously carry out operations, boost combat preparedness, and enhance our military capabilities

机械化信息化智能化

through mechanization, informatization, and the application of smart technologies

组织形态

organizational forms

武器装备

weaponry and equipment

捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益

defending China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests

使命任务

missions and tasks

听党指挥

obey the Party’s command

军委主席负责制

the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission

党的创新理论

the Party’s new theories

繁荣发展强军文化

promote a thriving military culture

常态化制度化

carry out regular activities and put in place institutions

持之以恒

make unremitting efforts to

正风肃纪反腐

improve conduct, enforce discipline, and combat corruption

练兵

troop training

备战

combat preparedness

研究掌握

study and gain a good grasp of

信息化智能化战争

informatized and intelligent warfare

军事战略指导

military strategic guidance

战略战术

strategies and tactics

战略威慑

strategic deterrence

新域新质作战力量

new-domain forces with new combat capabilities

无人智能作战力量

unmanned, intelligent combat capabilities

网络信息体系

the network information system

联合作战指挥体系

the command system for joint operations

侦察预警

reconnaissance and early warning

联合打击

joint strikes

战场支撑

battlefield support

综合保障

integrated logistics support

实战化军事训练

military training under combat conditions

联合训练、对抗训练、科技练兵

joint training, force-on-force training, and high-tech training

常态化多样化

on a regular basis and in diversified ways

坚定灵活

steadfast and flexible

塑造安全态势

shape our security posture

遏控危机冲突

deter and manage crises and conflicts

打赢局部战争

win local wars

国防和军队改革成果

the gains of national defense and military reform

军事力量结构编成

the structure and composition of the armed forces

体系优化

refine the framework of

国防和军队建设

national defense and military development

现代化后勤

modern logistics

战斗力

combat capabilities

军队院校

military universities and colleges

新型军事人才

new types of military personnel

治军

running the armed forces

战略规划

strategic planning

中国特色军事法治体系

the Chinese system for law-based administration of military affairs

改进战略管理

refine strategic management

提高...运行效能

improve the performance of ...

提高...使用效益

put ... to better use

一体化国家战略体系和能力

integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities

政策制度衔接

align policies and systems

资源要素共享

share resources and production factors

国防科技工业

science, technology, and industries related to national defense

深化全民国防教育

raise public awareness of the importance of national defense

后备力量

reserve forces

国防动员

national defense mobilization

军人军属

service personnel and their family members

退役军人

ex-service personnel

英雄军队

a heroic fighting force 

维护国家主权、统一和领土完整

safeguard China’s sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity

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