你一旦熬过夜，

听说，你一旦熬过夜，你就多活了无人打扰的一辈子。

熬夜真的不好吗？我们一起来看看。

🤔️小作业：

1. track, trace是什么意思？

2. goody-two-shoes是什么意思？

3. pull an all-nighter是什么意思？

无注释原文：

Harvard Study Says It's OK to Stay Up Late and Sleep In (so Long as You Do This)

From: Inc.

JUN 13, 2017

Researchers tracked students' sleeping habits for a month. Here's what they found.

Do you believe that the earlier you go to bed and the earlier you get up, the healthier, happier, and more productive you'll be? Many people do, and many websites, including this one, offer lots of advice about how to be a morning person and why it's so important to be one.

Well, maybe it isn't so important after all. A new study from Harvard traced the sleep habits of 61 students over 30 days and correlated those habits with the students' grades. It found that students who got regular sleep--that is, who went to bed and woke up about the same time every day--did better in school than those who slept irregular hours. You might expect that much to be true, but here are some more surprising findings:

1. You don't have to wake up at 5 a.m. after all.

The study did find that students were better off if they slept during "nighttime" hours, but it defined those hours as 10 pm to 10 am. As Charles Czeisler, M.D., chief of the Sleep and Circadian Disorders Division at Brigham and Women's Hospital told CNN, "The results of this study are not suggesting everybody has to be a goody-two-shoes. So if you go to bed at 2 and get up at 9, that's fine. You just have to consistently do the same thing."

2. Getting enough sleep won't help you if you sleep irregular hours.

The researchers expected to find that the irregular sleepers who stayed up till all hours were sleeping fewer hours than their regular-sleeping counterparts. But no--both groups were sleeping about the same number of hours in total because the irregular sleepers were napping during the day. Their grades still suffered, proving what most of us know by instinct: A nap can be nice but it's no replacement for a good night's sleep.

3. Sleeping irregular hours can make you fat.

Irregular sleepers had delayed circadian rhythms compared to regular sleepers. Both phenomena have been shown to be related to weight gain in earlier studies, the researchers note. If that information isn't enough to make you stop pulling all-nighters, I don't know what is.

4. Irregular sleep could be a symptom of something else.

One thing the study didn't do is measure the things that might cause someone to become an irregular sleeper, and how they might affect academic performance. For example, if you're someone who goes to bed at precisely 10 pm every night and wakes up at precisely 5 am every morning, chances are you're a highly disciplined sort, which means you might also have the discipline to get all your homework done early. Conversely, irregular sleep can be a symptom of depression, and depression could certainly affect one's academic performance.

More study is needed to better understand these factors, the researchers say. In the meantime, if you're a late riser stop beating yourself up about it. Concentrate on getting up at the same late hour every morning instead.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Harvard Study Says It's OK to Stay Up Late and Sleep In (so Long as You Do This)

From: Inc.

JUN 13, 2017

Researchers tracked students' sleeping habits for a month. Here's what they found.

研究人员追踪了学生们一个月的睡眠习惯。以下是他们的发现。

作名词，表示“（录制在CD、唱片或磁带上的）一首歌曲; 一首乐曲”，英文解释为“A track is one of the songs or pieces of music on a CD, record, or tape.”举个🌰：

I only like two of the ten tracks on this CD. 我只喜欢这张CD上的10首歌曲中的2首。

📍周末多睡2小时抑郁风险降低48%文中作动词，1）表示“跟踪，追踪”，英文解释为“to follow a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere, or by using electronic equipment”；

2）表示“追踪，记录…的进展”，英文解释为“to record the progress or development of something over a period”举个🌰：

We continued tracking the plane on our radar. 我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。

🎬 电影《博物馆奇妙夜3》（Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb）中的台词提到：You're sort of set up to track my phone? You track my phone? 你装定位追踪我的手机？你竟然追踪我的手机？

Do you believe that the earlier you go to bed and the earlier you get up, the healthier, happier, and more productive you'll be? Many people do, and many websites, including this one, offer lots of advice about how to be a morning person and why it's so important to be one.

你是否相信越早睡觉、越早起床，你就会越健康、越快乐、越有效率？许多人都这么认为，许多网站，包括本网站，在如何成为一个早起者以及成为早起者的重要性方面都提供了大量建议。

morning person /ˈmɔː.nɪŋ ˌpɜː.sən/ 表示“早起的人；感觉在早晨精力充沛的人”，英文解释为“someone who feels awake and full of energy in the mornings”举个🌰：He's not really a morning person - he doesn't even talk before about eleven o'clock! 他真的不是一个在早晨精力充沛的人——在11点钟前他都不会和人说话。

Well, maybe it isn't so important after all. A new study from Harvard traced the sleep habits of 61 students over 30 days and correlated those habits with the students' grades. It found that students who got regular sleep--that is, who went to bed and woke up about the same time every day--did better in school than those who slept irregular hours. You might expect that much to be true, but here are some more surprising findings:

然而，也许这并不那么重要。哈佛大学的一项新研究追踪了61名学生30天内的睡眠习惯，并将这些习惯与学生的成绩相关联。研究发现，那些保持规律作息的学生，即每天大约在同一时间睡觉和起床的学生，比那些睡眠时间不规律的学生成绩更好。你可能会认为这是真的，但以下是一些更令人惊讶的发现：

1）表示“找到，查出，发现”，英文解释为“to find someone or something that was lost”举个🌰：

The police are trying to trace the mother of a newborn baby found abandoned outside a hospital. 警察试图查出那位把新生婴儿抛弃在医院外面的母亲。

2）表示“（根据事物的发展方式）查明…的起因（或源头），追溯”，英文解释为“to discover the causes or origins of something by examining the way in which it has developed”举个🌰：

The practice of giving eggs at Easter can be traced back to (= first happened in) festivals in ancient China. 复活节送彩蛋的习俗可追溯至中国古代的节庆活动。

表示“相互关系；联系；相关”，英文解释为“If two or more facts, numbers, etc. correlate or are correlated, there is a relationship between them.”举个🌰：

Stress levels and heart disease are strongly correlated (= connected). 压力程度和心脏病密切相关。

1. You don't have to wake up at 5 a.m. after all. 你根本不需要早上5点钟起床。

The study did find that students were better off if they slept during "nighttime" hours, but it defined those hours as 10 pm to 10 am. As Charles Czeisler, M.D., chief of the Sleep and Circadian Disorders Division at Brigham and Women's Hospital told CNN, "The results of this study are not suggesting everybody has to be a goody-two-shoes. So if you go to bed at 2 and get up at 9, that's fine. You just have to consistently do the same thing."

该研究确实发现，学生在“夜间”时段内睡眠更好，但它将这些时段定义为晚上10点到早上10点。正如布列根妇女医院（Brigham and Women’s Hospital）睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱科主任、医学博士查尔斯·切斯勒（Charles Czeisler）告诉CNN：“这项研究的结果并不是说每个人都要做乖小孩。如果你晚上2点睡觉，早上9点起床，那也是可以的。你只需要保持一致有规律就行。”

1）表示“经济状况较以前（或较大多数人）好”，英文解释为“to have more money than you had in the past or more money than most other people”举个🌰：

Obviously we're better off now that we're both working. 现在我俩都工作，经济状况显然比以前好了。

2）表示“境况更好”，英文解释为“to be in a better situation, if or after something happens”举个🌰：

He'd be better off working for a bigger company. 若给大点儿的公司干活，他的境况就会好些。

表示“医学博士（Doctor of Medicine的缩写）”，英文解释为“abbreviation for Doctor of Medicine: a degree that someone must have to work as a doctor, or a person who has this degree”。

circadian /sɜːˈkeɪ.di.ən/ 表示“（动植物的）昼夜的，约一日的，约24小时的（节律，周期）”，英文解释为“used to describe the processes in animals and plants that happen naturally during a 24-hour period”举个🌰：

Our circadian clock makes it difficult to sleep during the day. 昼夜生理时钟让我们很难在白天睡觉。

「goody two-shoes」是一个习惯用语，用于形容一个人过分地表现得很规矩、极端守规矩，有点虚伪或装模作样。这个词源于18世纪一本儿童故事书的名字《Goody Two-Shoes》, 描述了一个名叫Margery Meanwell的女孩子从穷困潦倒到最终成功的故事。后来这个词就被引申为贬义词，用于形容那些过于追求完美，过度强调礼貌、道德行为等方面的人。（From: ChatGPT)

📍goody-goody /ˈɡʊd.iˌɡʊd.i/ 表示“善于讨好卖乖的人”，英文解释为“someone who behaves in a way intended to please people in authority”

2. Getting enough sleep won't help you if you sleep irregular hours. 如果你睡眠时间不规律，再多的睡眠也无济于事。

The researchers expected to find that the irregular sleepers who stayed up till all hours were sleeping fewer hours than their regular-sleeping counterparts. But no--both groups were sleeping about the same number of hours in total because the irregular sleepers were napping during the day. Their grades still suffered, proving what most of us know by instinct: A nap can be nice but it's no replacement for a good night's sleep.

研究人员希望发现，那些熬到半夜睡眠时间不规律的人比保持规律作息的人睡得少。但事实并非如此——两组人的总睡眠时间大致相同，因为睡眠时间不规律的人白天都在打盹。他们的成绩仍然受到影响，这证明了我们大多数人凭直觉所知道的事实：白天小睡一会儿可能很舒适，但无法替代良好的夜间睡眠。

counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Somene's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”

可以作动词，也可以作名词，表示“（尤指日间的）打盹，小睡”，英文解释为“a short sleep, especially during the day”举个🌰：

Grandpa usually takes/has a nap after lunch. 爷爷通常在午饭后小睡片刻。

表示“本能，直觉”，英文解释为“the way people or animals naturally react or behave, without having to think or learn about it”举个🌰：

All his instincts told him to stay near the car and wait for help. 他的直觉告诉他要呆在车旁、等待救援。

3. Sleeping irregular hours can make you fat. 睡眠时间不规律会让你发胖。

Irregular sleepers had delayed circadian rhythms compared to regular sleepers. Both phenomena have been shown to be related to weight gain in earlier studies, the researchers note. If that information isn't enough to make you stop pulling all-nighters, I don't know what is.

与保持规律作息的人相比，睡眠时间不规律的人昼夜节律有所延迟。研究人员指出，早先的研究表明两种现象都与体重增加有关。如果这个信息还不足以让你停止熬夜，我不知道还有什么能。

rhythm /ˈrɪðəm/ 1）表示“（尤指自然界中的）规则变化，规律，节律”，英文解释为“a regular pattern of change, especially one that happens in nature”如：the rhythm of the seasons 四季的交替。

2）表示“（音乐、诗歌和舞蹈的）节奏，韵律，节律”，英文解释为“a strong pattern of sounds, words, or musical notes that is used in music, poetry, and dancing”举个🌰：

He beat out a jazz rhythm on the drums. 他击出爵士乐节奏的鼓点。

phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/ 复数 phenomena，除了表示“（尤指不寻常的或有趣的）现象”，英文解释为“something that exists and can be seen, felt, tasted, etc., especially something unusual or interesting”举个🌰：

Gravity is a natural phenomenon. 重力是一种自然现象。

📍phenomenon还可以表示“非凡的人（或事物）；奇才；奇迹”，英文解释为“someone or something that is extremely successful, often because of special qualities or abilities”举个🌰：

The Beatles were a phenomenon - nobody had heard anything like them before. 甲壳虫乐队真是个奇迹，在此之前人们从未听说过像他们那样杰出的乐队。

1）表示“通宵活动”，英文解释为“an event that lasts all night”

2）表示“（尤指考试前的）通宵学习”，英文解释为“a time when you spend all night studying, especially for an exam”举个🌰：

I pulled an all-nighter last night. 我昨天熬了个通宵学习。

📍pull an all-nighter的意思是“整夜学习、工作”，这是一个口语说法，也就是平时说的“开夜车、通宵学习、工作”。其中，“all-nighter”指“熬一整夜的做法”，是可数名词。举个🌰：

I didn't need much sleep when I was a student – I used to pull all-nighters studying all the time! 当我还是学生的时候，我并不需要很多睡眠。我常常一学就是一整夜！（From: BBC）

4. Irregular sleep could be a symptom of something else. 睡眠时间不规律可能是其他疾病的症状。

One thing the study didn't do is measure the things that might cause someone to become an irregular sleeper, and how they might affect academic performance. For example, if you're someone who goes to bed at precisely 10 pm every night and wakes up at precisely 5 am every morning, chances are you're a highly disciplined sort, which means you might also have the discipline to get all your homework done early. Conversely, irregular sleep can be a symptom of depression, and depression could certainly affect one's academic performance.

这项研究没有评估可能导致某人睡眠不规律的因素，以及它们如何影响学习成绩。例如，如果你是一个每天晚上10点睡觉，每天早上5点醒来的人，那么你很可能是一个高度自律的人，这意味着你也可能会自律地提前完成所有作业。相反，睡眠不规律可能是抑郁症的症状，而抑郁症必然会影响一个人的学习成绩。

表示“很有可能”，英文解释为“it is likely”举个🌰：

Chances are (that) they'll be late anyway. 总之，他们很可能会迟到。

disciplined /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪnd/ 表示“守纪律的，守规矩的；训练有素的”，英文解释为“behaving in a very controlled way”举个🌰：

Those children are well disciplined. 那些孩子都很守规矩。

表示“相反地；反过来”，英文解释为“in a way that is the opposite or reverse of sth”举个🌰：

You can add the fluid to the powder, or, conversely, the powder to the fluid. 可把液体加入粉末，或者相反，把粉末加入液体。

More study is needed to better understand these factors, the researchers say. In the meantime, if you're a late riser stop beating yourself up about it. Concentrate on getting up at the same late hour every morning instead.

研究人员表示，需要进一步研究以更好地理解这些因素。同时，如果你是个晚起的人，不要为此自责。每天早上同一时间晚起即可。

表示“（过分）怪罪自己，苛求自己”，英文解释为“to blame or criticize yourself, usually in a way that is unfair or unnecessary”举个🌰：

If you fail, don't beat yourself up; just try again. 如果你失败了，不要过分怪罪自己，大不了再试试。

- 今日盘点 -

- Generated By ChatGPT -