请大英博物馆无偿归还中国文物

今天，环球时报发出评论文章，呼吁大英博物馆无偿归还中国文物，相关话题瞬间冲上微博热搜第一。

🤔️小作业：

a. An employee was fired due to the controversy.

b. The director of the museum decided to remain despite the allegations.

c. The museum faced criticisms for not taking care of the artifacts.

d. Chinese state media demanded the return of all cultural relics.

a. They believe the British Museum always took excellent care of the artifacts.

b. They argue that foreign cultural objects are now better off in their countries of origin.

c. They claim that the British Museum's care standards have always been subpar.

d. They point out that the British Museum has proven not to be a better guardian of foreign artifacts.

无注释原文：

China demands return of British Museum artefacts

From: Daily Express

Tens of thousands of Chinese social media users have backed calls from the country’s state media to have its artefacts kept in the British Museum returned. 

The hashtag “The British Museum please return Chinese antiquities” topped the search chart of Weibo, the nation’s censored social media, on Monday (August 28), with more than half a billion of views. 

The hashtag was in response to a piece published by Chinese state media outlet Global Times that called for all cultural relics in the British Museum to be returned “free of charge”. 

The British Museum has been under pressure after around 2,000 items were reported “missing, stolen or damaged” two weeks ago, leading to accusations that it was failing to fulfil its duty of care. 

A member of staff was sacked when the news first came out and last week, its director Hartwig Fischer also announced he would step down.

One comment stemming from the hashtag read: “Return the objects to their original owner.” It has more than 32,000 reads at the time of writing. 

“Now that the country is rich and the people are strong, it's time to have our treasures back home,” another top comment read.

The calls follow a piece published by the Global Times that argued that the world-renowned British museum has failed to take good care of “cultural property belonging to other countries”.

“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that 'foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum,” the editorial reads.

The British Museum looks after 23,000 Chinese objects, from the Neolithic age (10,000 BC) to the present day. 

It is one of the largest collections of Chinese antiquities in the West. 

The collection includes a large range of precious items such as paintings, prints, jade, bronzes and ceramics. 

One of the most famous is the reproduction of a scroll called “Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies”, a masterpiece considered a milestone in Chinese art history.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

China demands return of British Museum artefacts

From: Daily Express

Tens of thousands of Chinese social media users have backed calls from the country’s state media to have its artefacts kept in the British Museum returned.

成千上万的中国社交媒体用户支持官方媒体的呼吁，请大英博物馆归还中国文物。

artefact /ˈɑː.tə.fækt/ 表示“（尤指具有史学价值的）人工制品，制造物，手工艺品”，英文解释为“an object that is made by a person, such as a tool or a decoration, especially one that is of historical interest”举个🌰：The museum's collection includes artefacts dating back to prehistoric times. 这家博物馆的藏品包括一些史前器物。

The hashtag “The British Museum please return Chinese antiquities” topped the search chart of Weibo, the nation’s censored social media, on Monday (August 28), with more than half a billion of views.

周一（8月28日），在中国社交媒体微博上，#请大英博物馆无偿归还中国文物#这一话题荣登热搜榜首，吸引了超过五亿的点击量。

表示“在社交媒体上发文时用来描述主题的#号”，英文解释为“used on social media for describing the general subject of a Tweet or other post (= message)”.

antiquity /ænˈtɪk.wə.ti/ 1）表示“（尤指六世纪以前的）古代”，英文解释为“the distant past (= a long time ago), especially before the sixth century”

2）表示“古物；古董；古迹”，英文解释为“an object that was created a very long time ago”举个🌰：Under Greek law, all antiquities that are discovered in Greece belong to the government. 根据希腊法律，在希腊发现的所有古物均归政府所有。

The hashtag was in response to a piece published by Chinese state media outlet Global Times that called for all cultural relics in the British Museum to be returned “free of charge”.

这一话题是对中国官方媒体《环球时报》（Global Times）一篇文章的回应，该文呼吁大英博物馆无偿归还其所有文物。

piece /piːs/ 1）表示“（艺术家、音乐家或作家的）作品；篇，段，首，幅”，英文解释为“something that has been created by an artist, musician, or writer”如：an orchestral/piano/instrumental piece 管弦乐/钢琴曲/器乐作品。

2）表示“（新闻传媒的）文章，报道”，英文解释为“an article in a newspaper or magazine or a broadcast on television or radio”举个🌰：Did you see her piece about the Internet in the paper today? 你看了今天报纸上她写的关于互联网的文章没有？

outlet/outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店 a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices. 在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。

📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。

此外，也可以指“（情绪或精力的）发泄方式，发泄途径，施展的机会”，英文解释为“a way in which emotion or energy can be expressed or made use of”举个🌰：Her work provided no outlet for her energies and talents. 她的工作没有给她提供发泄精力及施展才华的机会。

relic /ˈrel.ɪk/ 表示“遗物；遗迹；遗风；遗俗”，英文解释为“an object, tradition, or system from the past that continues to exist”举个🌰：During the dig, the archaeological team found some relics from the Stone Age. 在发掘过程中，考古队发现了一些石器时代的遗迹。

The British Museum has been under pressure after around 2,000 items were reported “missing, stolen or damaged” two weeks ago, leading to accusations that it was failing to fulfil its duty of care.

两周前有报道称，大英博物馆有约2000件藏品“丢失、被盗或受损”，这导致了外界对其是否尽到了保管职责的质疑。

A member of staff was sacked when the news first came out and last week, its director Hartwig Fischer also announced he would step down.

消息传出后，一名工作人员被解雇，上周，大英博物馆馆长哈特维格·菲舍尔（Hartwig Fischer）也宣布将辞职。

解雇除了常见的fire一词，sack也表示“解雇，开除”，英文解释为“to remove someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly, or sometimes as a way of saving the cost of employing them”举个🌰：They sacked her for being late. 因为迟到，他们把她开除了。

类似的还有：

📍dismiss表示“解雇；免职；开除”，英文解释为“to officially remove sb from their job”举个🌰：She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post. 她声称自己被无理免职。

step down等同于step aside，表示“退位”，英文解释为“If someone steps down or steps aside, they resign from an important job or position, often in order to let someone else take their place.”举个🌰：He has decided to step down as captain of the team. 他决定不再当队长。

类似的还有：

📍quit，除了退出，离开的含义，也有：辞去（工作）；辞职，的含义（If you quit, or quit your job, you choose to leave it.）举个🌰：He quit his job as an office boy. 他辞去了办公室勤杂员的工作。

📺美剧《恋爱手册》（A To Z）中的台词提到：Quit my job and then ask him out? 辞职然后约他出去？

📍resign 1）表示“辞职”，英文解释为“If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it.”举个🌰：He resigned his position last month. 他上个月辞去了他的职位。

2）表示“使屈从”，英文解释为“If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it.”举个🌰：Jane and I resigned ourselves to yet another summer without a boat. 简和我将就着又过了一个没有船的夏天。

One comment stemming from the hashtag read: “Return the objects to their original owner.” It has more than 32,000 reads at the time of writing.

该话题下的一条评论写道：“物归原主。”截至发稿时，已获得超过32,000次阅读（点赞）。

stem from sth 表示“源自；由…造成”，英文解释为“to start or develop as the result of something”举个🌰：Her problems stem from her difficult childhood. 她的问题主要是由艰难的童年生活造成的。

“Now that the country is rich and the people are strong, it's time to have our treasures back home,” another top comment read.

另一条热门评论写道：“国富民强，是时候让我们的宝贝回家了！”

The calls follow a piece published by the Global Times that argued that the world-renowned British museum has failed to take good care of “cultural property belonging to other countries”.

此前《环球时报》发表的文章称，举世闻名的大英博物馆未能妥善保管“属于其他国家的文化财产”。

world-renowned /ˌwɜːld.rɪˈnaʊnd/ 表示“（在某一领域）世界知名的”，英文解释为“famous all over the world in a particular area of activity”举个🌰：He is a world-renowned expert on food safety. 在食品安全方面，他是一位世界知名的专家。

“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that 'foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum,” the editorial reads.

“这次丑闻所暴露出来的大英博物馆在文物管理和安全防护方面的巨大漏洞，令一个流传很久很广的说法不攻自破，即‘外国文物在大英博物馆得到了更好的保护’。”该社论写道。

loophole /ˈluːp.həʊl/ 表示“（协议或法律的）漏洞，空子，破绽”，英文解释为“a small mistake in an agreement or law that gives someone the chance to avoid having to do something”如：tax loopholes 税法的漏洞。

circulate有“（使）循环；（使）流通；（使）传递；（使）散布”的含义（if a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another）举个🌰：Rumours began to circulate about his financial problems. 有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。

🎬电影《拉瑞·克劳》（Larry Crowne）中的台词提到：If gossip of this nature were to circulate, 如果这种性质的八卦流传开来，

The British Museum looks after 23,000 Chinese objects, from the Neolithic age (10,000 BC) to the present day.

大英博物馆收藏了从新石器时代（公元前10,000年）至今的23,000件中国文物。

neolithic /ˌniː.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/ 表示“新石器时代的”，英文解释为“relating to the period when humans used tools and weapons made of stone and had just developed farming”如：neolithic tools/artefacts/settlements 新石器时代的工具/手工制品/村落。

It is one of the largest collections of Chinese antiquities in the West.

它是西方收藏中国文物最多的博物馆之一。

The collection includes a large range of precious items such as paintings, prints, jade, bronzes and ceramics.

藏品包括绘画、版画、玉器、青铜器和陶瓷等大量珍贵物品。

表示“玉；翡翠”，英文解释为“a precious green stone from which jewellery and small decorative items are made, especially in China and Japan”如：jade earrings 翡翠耳环。

ceramics /səˈræm.ɪks/ 1）表示“制陶艺术；陶器制造”，英文解释为“the art of making objects by shaping pieces of clay and then baking them until they are hard”

2）表示“陶瓷制品”，英文解释为“the objects produced by shaping and baking clay, especially when considered as art”

One of the most famous is the reproduction of a scroll called “Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies”, a masterpiece considered a milestone in Chinese art history.

其中最为著名的是一幅名为《女史箴图》的卷轴复制品，这是一幅被认为是中国艺术史上里程碑的杰作。

作名词，scroll /skrəʊl/ 表示“长卷纸，卷轴”，英文解释为“a long roll of paper or similar material with usually official writing on it”举个🌰：The ancient Egyptians stored information on scrolls. 古埃及人把信息记载在卷轴上。

作动词，表示“滚动；滚屏”，英文解释为“to move text or other information on a computer screen in order to see a different part of it”举个🌰：Scroll to the end of the document. 滚动至文件的最后。

🎬电影《兔子洞》（Rabbit Hole）中的台词提到：Scroll down with your finger. 用手指向下滑动。

admonition /ˌæd.məˈnɪʃ.ən/ 表示“劝诫；忠告；警告；责备”，英文解释为“a piece of advice that is also a warning to someone about their behaviour”举个🌰：The most common parental admonition must surely be "Don't stay out late". 父母告诫孩子们最多的话肯定是“别在外面呆到太晚”。

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