刚刚，杭州亚运会正式开幕

刚刚，杭州第19届亚洲运动会在杭州奥体中心体育场隆重开幕。

🤔️小作业：

1. What might be a reason behind the inclusion of eSports in the Hangzhou Asian Games?

a. The successful demonstration in the previous Asian Games.

b. The popular demand for modern sports.

c. The higher number of participants from various countries.

d. The inclusion of new sports in the Paris 2024 Olympic Games.

2. What does the term "Shan Shui" in the context of the Hangzhou Asian Games refer to?

a. The mascots of the games.

b. The venues where the games will be held.

c. The cultural heritage sites in Hangzhou.

d. The medals awarded at the games.

无注释原文：

At-a-glance guide to the Hangzhou Asian Games

From:  AFP

The 19th Asian Games take place in the Chinese city of Hangzhou from Saturday after a delay of a year caused by the pandemic.

Here is everything you need to know about the multisports extravaganza -- bigger than the Olympic Games in terms of number of participants:

-- Hangzhou, a modern city of about 12 million people, lies 160 kilometres (100 miles) southwest of Shanghai, in Zhejiang province.

It sits on the Qiantang River and is the southern terminus of the Grand Canal, the longest canal in the world, which runs 1,800 kilometres from Beijing and is regarded as the second ancient wonder of China after the Great Wall.

Hangzhou is one of China's ancient capitals, known in the past as both Hangchew and Hangchow before settling for the current name in the year 589.

-- 40 sports, including 31 of the 32 Olympic sports that will be staged at the Paris 2024 Games with surfing the one missing from Hangzhou.

The nine non-Olympic sports in Hangzhou includes eSports, which will be an Asian Games medal event for the first time after being a demonstration sport in 2018.

There are also some more quirky ones such as kurash, an ancient form of wrestling from Uzbekistan, and the card game of bridge.

-- About 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and territories across Asia and the Middle East will be in action, making it the largest Asian Games ever.

By comparison, there were 11,420 athletes at the Olympic Games in Tokyo two years ago.

-- 54 with 14 newly constructed. The Hangzhou Olympic Sports complex is the centrepiece with venues for athletics, basketball, football, squash, swimming and tennis. The opening and closing ceremonies will be hosted at the Olympic Sports Centre Stadium, also known as "the Big Lotus".

The majority of events will take place in Hangzhou city but some will be held elsewhere.

The cities of Shaoxing and Ningbo will also host events, as will Wenzhou, a port city 300km to the south which will stage dragon boat racing and football.

-- The first Asiad was held in New Delhi in 1951 and featured athletics, aquatics, basketball, cycling, football and weightlifting.

China has hosted twice previously: Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.

The 2018 Games took place in Jakarta and the 2026 edition will be hosted by Aichi and Nagoya in Japan.

-- Medals are named Shan Shui and depict landscapes of Hangzhou, such as an ancient bridge. The ribbons are hand-stitched.

Three sports-playing robots, Congcong (yellow colour), Lianlian (green) and Chenchen (blue) are the Games mascots with each linked to a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the city.

Congcong represents the archaeological ruins of Liangzhu City, Lianlian represents the city's West Lake and Chenchen is for the Grand Canal.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

At-a-glance guide to the Hangzhou Asian Games

From:  AFP

The 19th Asian Games take place in the Chinese city of Hangzhou from Saturday after a delay of a year caused by the pandemic.

第19届亚洲运动会因疫情延期一年后，于本周六在中国杭州拉开帷幕。

韦氏词典2020年度词汇：Pandemic. 韦氏词典官方给出的释义为：an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a significant proportion of the population. 指的是疾病的爆发，所发生的地域广阔（如多个国家或大洲），通常影响很大一部分人口。

1）作名词，表示“（全国或全球性）流行病；大流行病”，英文解释为“a disease that spreads over a whole country or the whole world”；在新冠肺炎相关语境下，可以直接译成新冠疫情。

2）作形容词，表示“（疾病）大规模流行的，广泛蔓延的”，英文解释为“(of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals, or plants”举个🌰：In some parts of the world malaria is still pandemic.在世界上一些地区疟疾仍在大规模流行。

对比：

📍epidemic表示“流行病”，英文解释为“a large number of cases of a particular disease happening at the same time in a particular community”，如：the outbreak of a flu epidemic 流感的爆发。

Here is everything you need to know about the multisports extravaganza -- bigger than the Olympic Games in terms of number of participants:

以下是你需要了解的关于这场多项运动盛会的所有信息——从参与人数上看，其规模超过奥运会：

extravaganza /ɪkˌstrævəˈɡænzə/ 表示“盛大展示；盛大表演”，英文解释为“An extravaganza is a very elaborate and expensive show or performance.”如：a magnificent fireworks extravaganza 一场壮观的焰火表演，a musical/dance extravaganza 场面宏大华丽的歌曲汇演/舞蹈盛宴。

-- Hangzhou, a modern city of about 12 million people, lies 160 kilometres (100 miles) southwest of Shanghai, in Zhejiang province.

-- 浙江省杭州市是一座现代化城市，人口约1200万，位于上海西南160公里（100英里）处。

It sits on the Qiantang River and is the southern terminus of the Grand Canal, the longest canal in the world, which runs 1,800 kilometres from Beijing and is regarded as the second ancient wonder of China after the Great Wall.

杭州坐落在钱塘江畔，是世界上最长运河——京杭大运河的南端终点。大运河长1800公里，自北京延伸至此，被视为继长城之后中国的第二大古代奇迹。

terminus /ˈtɜː.mɪ.nəs/ 表示“（公共汽车或火车的）终点站”，英文解释为“the last stop or the station at the end of a bus or train route”

区分：

📍terminal /ˈtɜː.mɪ.nəl/ 1）表示“（计算机）终端”，英文解释为“a piece of equipment consisting of a keyboard and screen, used for communicating with the part of a computer system that deals with information”

2）表示“站台；候机楼，航站；码头”，英文解释为“the area or building at a station, airport, or port that is used by passengers leaving or arriving by train, aircraft, or ship”

canal /kəˈnæl/ 表示“运河；渠”，英文解释为“a long, thin stretch of water that is artificially made either for boats to travel along or for taking water from one area to another如：The Panama Canal 巴拿马运河。

Hangzhou is one of China's ancient capitals, known in the past as both Hangchew and Hangchow before settling for the current name in the year 589.

杭州是中国古都之一，过去曾被称为Hangchew和Hangchow，直到公元589年定名为现在的杭州（Hangzhou）。

-- 40 sports, including 31 of the 32 Olympic sports that will be staged at the Paris 2024 Games with surfing the one missing from Hangzhou.

-- 本次亚运会共有40个大项，包括2024年巴黎奥运会32个大项中的31项，只有冲浪项目未在杭州亚运会亮相。

1）表示“上演；举办；举行”，英文解释为“to organize and present a play or an event for people to see”，如：to stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition 举行仪式/活动/展览，举个🌰：The local theatre group is staging a production of ‘Hamlet’. 当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。

2）表示“组织；筹划”，英文解释为“to organize and take part in action that needs careful planning, especially as a public protest”，如：to stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition 举行仪式/活动/展览。

3）表示“使发生；使出现”，英文解释为“to make sth happen”举个🌰：After five years in retirement, he staged a comeback to international tennis. 退役五年之后，他又复出国际网坛。

🎬电影《无罪的罪人》（Presumed Innocent）中的台词提到：Your opinion is that this was... a staged rape? 你的看法是这是…有预谋的强奸？

The nine non-Olympic sports in Hangzhou includes eSports, which will be an Asian Games medal event for the first time after being a demonstration sport in 2018.

杭州亚运会的9个非奥运会项目包括电子竞技，这也是继2018年作为表演赛项目后，电子竞技首次成为亚运会奖牌项目。

demonstration /ˌdem.ənˈstreɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“演示，示范”，英文解释为“the act of showing someone how to do something, or how something works”举个🌰：This disaster is a clear demonstration of the need for tighter controls. 这场灾难清楚表明需要进一步加强控制。

2）表示“表示；表达；表现；表明”，英文解释为“a way of expressing a feeling or a quality”举个🌰：Huge crowds followed the funeral procession in a public demonstration of grief. 大批群众跟在葬礼队伍的后面，公开表达他们的悲痛。

There are also some more quirky ones such as kurash, an ancient form of wrestling from Uzbekistan, and the card game of bridge.

还有一些较为特别的项目，如来自乌兹别克斯坦的古老摔跤运动克柔术（Kurash），以及桥牌。

quirky /ˈkwɜːkɪ/ 表示“古怪的，独特的”，英文解释为“unusual in an attractive and interesting way”举个🌰：He was tall and had a quirky, off-beat sense of humour. 他个子高高的，有一种独特、另类的幽默感。

wrestling /ˈres.lɪŋ/ 表示“摔跤运动”，英文解释为“a sport in which two people fight and try to throw each other to the ground”

-- About 12,000 athletes from 45 countries and territories across Asia and the Middle East will be in action, making it the largest Asian Games ever.

-- 来自亚洲和中东45个国家和地区约1.2万名运动员将参与杭州亚运会，这也是有史以来规模最大的一届亚运会。

territory /ˈter.ɪ.tər.i/ 表示“领土；领域；领地；活动范围”，英文解释为“(an area of) land, or sometimes sea, that is considered as belonging to or connected with a particular country or person”举个🌰：He was shot down in enemy territory. 他在敌方领土上被击落。

📍注《消失的她》你觉得怎么样？文中也出现了这个词：Chinese mystery drama “Lost in the Stars” was the top-grossing film on the planet over the latest weekend – despite playing only a single territory. 尽管只在一个地区上映，中国悬疑电影《消失的她》（Lost in the Stars）上周末仍成为全球票房收入最高的电影。

📍据ChatGPT，"playing only a single territory"表示这部电影仅在一个特定的地区或市场上映，而没有在其他地方上映。这是一种特殊的用法，可能在标准的英语语法中看起来有些不寻常，但在电影行业的上下文中是常见的。在这个上下文中，说一部电影"plays a territory"就是说该电影在某个地区被上映或展示。当然，你也可以使用介词，比如说"playing in a single territory"，这样的表达方式也是正确的，意思完全相同。但在电影行业的行话或者新闻报道中，常常会省略介词，因为这样的说法更简洁。

By comparison, there were 11,420 athletes at the Olympic Games in Tokyo two years ago.

相比之下，两年前的东京奥运会共有11,420名运动员参加。

-- 54 with 14 newly constructed. The Hangzhou Olympic Sports complex is the centrepiece with venues for athletics, basketball, football, squash, swimming and tennis. The opening and closing ceremonies will be hosted at the Olympic Sports Centre Stadium, also known as "the Big Lotus".

-- 本届亚运会共有54个场馆，其中14个为新建。杭州市奥林匹克体育中心是本届亚运会的核心区域，涵盖田径、篮球、足球、壁球、游泳和网球等多项运动的比赛场地。开幕式和闭幕式将在奥体中心体育场举行，该体育场也被称为“大莲花”。

1）表示“建筑群；综合大楼”，英文解释为“A complex is a group of buildings designed for a particular purpose, or one large building divided into several smaller areas.”如：a shopping/sports and leisure complex 购物/运动休闲中心，a low-cost apartment complex 一个低价公寓楼群。

2）表示“配合物，络合物；复合体，综合体”，英文解释为“an ion or molecule in which one or more groups are linked to a metal atom by coordinate bond；any loosely bonded species formed by the association of two molecules.”

centrepiece /ˈsen.tə.piːs/ 表示“最重要的部分；最吸引人的部分”，英文解释为“the most important or attractive part or feature of something”举个🌰：The centrepiece of the shopping centre is a giant fountain. 购物中心的中心装饰是一座巨大的喷泉。

venue /ˈven.juː/ 表示“（公共事件的）发生场所，举行地点；会场”，英文解释为“the place where a public event or meeting happens”举个🌰：The hotel is an ideal venue for conferences and business meetings. 这家酒店是举行会议和商务会谈的理想场所。

athletics /æθˈlet̬.ɪks/ 表示“田径运动”，英文解释为“the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing”如：an athletics team/club/meeting 田径队/俱乐部/运动会。

📍田径运动也可以说track and field；track and field表示“田径运动”，英文解释为“the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing”举个🌰：The team had no chance of striking gold in track and field. 这支队伍中无人有机会在田径赛场上拿金牌。

squash /skwɒʃ/ 作动词，1）表示“把…压扁；把…挤扁”，英文解释为“to crush something into a flat shape”举个🌰：He accidentally sat on her hat and squashed it. 他不小心坐在她的帽子上，把它坐扁了。

2）表示“（使）挤进；（把…）塞进”，英文解释为“to push yourself, a person, or thing into a small space”举个🌰：The room was so full you couldn't squash another person in. 房间里挤得满满的，再也挤不进一个人了。

作名词，表示“壁球”，英文解释为“a game played between two or four people on a special closed playing area that involves hitting a small rubber ball against a wall”

lotus /ˈləʊ.təs/ 表示“莲花”，英文解释为“a type of tropical water lily (= a plant with large, flat leaves that float on the surface of lakes and pools)”

The majority of events will take place in Hangzhou city but some will be held elsewhere.

大部分赛事将在杭州市内举行，但也有一些赛事将在其他城市举行。

The cities of Shaoxing and Ningbo will also host events, as will Wenzhou, a port city 300km to the south which will stage dragon boat racing and football.

绍兴市和宁波市也将承办一些赛事，而位于南部300公里处的港口城市温州市将举办龙舟比赛和足球比赛。

-- The first Asiad was held in New Delhi in 1951 and featured athletics, aquatics, basketball, cycling, football and weightlifting.

-- 第一届亚运会于1951年在新德里举行，比赛项目包括田径、水上运动、篮球、自行车、足球和举重等。

"Asiad" 是亚洲运动会（Asian Games）的非正式简称。它由亚洲奥林匹克理事会（Olympic Council of Asia, OCA）主管。"Asiad" 这个词可能是由"Asia"（亚洲）和"-ad"（类似于"Olympiad"，奥运会的简称）组合而成，用来非正式地指代亚洲运动会。

aquatics /əˈkwæt.ɪks/ 表示“（奥运会的）水上运动项目”，英文解释为“a group of Olympic sports including swimming, diving, and water polo”

China has hosted twice previously: Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.

中国此前已两次主办过亚运会：1990年的北京和2010年的广州。

The 2018 Games took place in Jakarta and the 2026 edition will be hosted by Aichi and Nagoya in Japan.

2018年亚运会在雅加达举行，2026年亚运会将在日本爱知和名古屋举办。

-- Medals are named Shan Shui and depict landscapes of Hangzhou, such as an ancient bridge. The ribbons are hand-stitched.

-- 本届亚运会奖牌名为“湖山”，描绘了杭州的风景，如古桥。奖牌的绶带为手工缝制。

表示“描写，描述，描绘；描绘，绘画”，英文解释为“to describe something or someone in writing or speech, or to show them in a painting, picture etc”举个🌰：The artist had depicted her lying on a bed. 画家画了她躺在床上的画像。

📍此前价值1.8亿元毕加索名画被撕文中出现过，According to Tate, the artwork depicts Picasso's lover Dora Maar and was painted in Paris in May 1944, during the final months of the Nazi occupation.

表示“（陆上，尤指乡村的）风景，景色”，英文解释为“everything you can see when you look across a large area of land, especially in the country”。

ribbon /ˈrɪb.ən/ 1）表示“（捆扎或装饰用的）带子，丝带，缎带”，英文解释为“a long, narrow strip of material used to tie things together or as a decoration”举个🌰：She often wears a ribbon in her hair. 她常在头发上扎条丝带。

2）表示“勋带，绶带”，英文解释为“a small piece of coloured material given to someone in the armed forces to show approval and admiration for their brave actions”

stitch /stɪtʃ/ 表示“缝；缝合；缝补”，英文解释为“to sew two things together, or to repair something by sewing”举个🌰：This button needs to be stitched back onto my shirt. 这粒纽扣得缝回到我的衬衫上。

Three sports-playing robots, Congcong (yellow colour), Lianlian (green) and Chenchen (blue) are the Games mascots with each linked to a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the city.

杭州亚运会吉祥物由三只灵动的机器人组成：“琮琮”（黄色）、“莲莲”（绿色）和“宸宸”（蓝色）。每个吉祥物都与杭州的一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产有关。

mascot /ˈmæs.kɑːt/ 表示“吉祥物”，英文解释为“a person, animal, or object that is believed to bring good luck, or one that represents an organization”如：a team mascot 球队的吉祥物。

heritage /ˈher.ɪ.tɪdʒ/ 表示“遗产（指流传下来的具有历史意义的传统、语言、建筑等）”，英文解释为“features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages, or buildings, that were created in the past and still have historical importance”。

Congcong represents the archaeological ruins of Liangzhu City, Lianlian represents the city's West Lake and Chenchen is for the Grand Canal.

“琮琮”代表良渚古城遗址，“莲莲”代表杭州西湖，“宸宸”代表京杭大运河。

archaeological /,ɑ:kiə'lɔdʒikəl / 表示“考古学的；和考古有关的”，英文解释为“involving or relating to archaeology”如：an archaeological dig/excavation 考古发掘。

- 词汇盘点 -

- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT -