Lesson 54 Instinct or cleverness?Listen to the tape then answer the question below.Was the writer successful in protecting his peach tree? Why not? We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat ageist our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed tat the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tin insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though if failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids. The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time. I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!New words and expressions生词和短语
contaminate [kənˈtæmɪneɪt] v. 弄脏con 共同 + tamin(tang)接触 + ate 动词后缀contamin 污染 + ate 表动词 → 弄脏，污染The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.provocation [ˌprɑːvəˈkeɪʃn] n. 惹怒provoke 激怒 + ation 复合名词后缀 → 激怒provoke [prəˈvoʊk] vt.激起;引起;引发;挑衅;激怒;刺激pro 在前 + vok 叫喊；声音 + e → 到别人面前喊叫，煽风点火 → 激怒；煽动The terrorists can strike at any time without provocation .revulsion [rɪˈvʌlʃn] n. 厌恶I started to feel a revulsion against their decadent lifestyle.英语单词horde来自突厥语orda和蒙古语ordu，中国史籍中译为“斡鲁朵”（斡耳朵、斡里朵）等，字面意思就是“帐篷”，指的是蒙古等游牧民族中氏族首领的帐篷、宫帐。有些民族实施一夫多妻制，氏族首领往往会为每位妻子配置一个“斡鲁朵”。每一个“斡鲁朵”都会配置一定数量的守卫、服侍人员及生产人口。因此“斡鲁朵”就是这些游牧民族的一种社会组织结构，有一些“斡鲁朵”后来发展成为一个汗国。这个词经过波兰语、法语或西班牙语后进入英语，演变为英语单词horde，其中的字母h是在波兰语中加上的。13世纪时，成吉思汗的孙子拔都率领蒙古军队征服了东欧，建立了一个汗国。由于拔都的宫帐是金色的，因此这个汗国就被称为golden horde，即“金帐汗国”。 现在，horde通常表示一个“游牧部落”，或者一大群人，通常含有贬义，因为当初入侵欧洲的这些游牧民族被欧洲人普遍视为野蛮人。There are always hordes of tourists here in the summer.uncanny [ʌnˈkæni] adj. 神秘的，不可思议的canny [ˈkæni] adj.精明的;(尤指在商业或政治方面)精明谨慎的，老谋深算的I had an uncanny feeling I was being watched.praying mantis [ˌpreɪɪŋ ˈmæntɪs] 螳螂Praying mantis has two powerful claws like sharp knives. shelter [ˈʃeltər] n.避难所;居所;住处;遮蔽，庇护，避难(避雨、躲避危险或攻击);(尤指用以躲避风雨或攻击的)遮蔽物，庇护处，避难处 v.保护;掩蔽;躲避(风雨或危险)Human beings need food, clothing and shelter.luscious [ˈlʌʃəs] adj. 甘美的luscious silks and velvetsStir in the milk to make a soft but not sticky dough.来自hurry的韵律重复构词。
She said goodbye and scurried back to work.Tourists were swarming all over the island.a swarm of bees/locusts/flies ingenuity [ˌɪndʒəˈnuːəti] n. 机灵Inspecting the nest may require some ingenuity.参考译文
我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。它们无缘无故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的，但去无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道（但愿如此）我们就在它们身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢？
去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了24小时。我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。在很长一段时间里，我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地（同时惊奇地）发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转。无能为力。第二天早上，我起床后希望看见蚂蚁已因无望而放弃了尝试，结果却发现它们又找到一条新的路径。它们正在顺着房子的外墙往上爬，然后爬上树叶。我懊丧地感到败在了足智多谋的蚂蚁的手下。蚂蚁已很快找到了相应的对策，来对付我那套完全不科学的办法！
Journey to the West（西游记）全108集
往期回顾
《新概念英语》第二册全集
Lesson 46 Do it yourself
Lesson 47 Too high a price?
Lesson 48 The silent village
Lesson 49 The ideal servant
Lesson 50 New Year resolutions
Lesson 51 Predicting the future
Lesson 52 Mud is mud