格义、分野、自立：近代中国经济学的探索与转型

《财经研究》 2021年47卷第1期 页码：109 - 123  online：2020年12月30日

格义、分野、自立：近代中国经济学的探索与转型

Isogesis, Division and Academic Independence: The Sinicization and Its Transformation of Western Economic Theories in Modern China

作者（中）：张亚光, 沈博

作者（英）：Zhang Yaguang, Shen Bo

作者单位：1.北京大学 经济学院，北京 100871

摘要：由于中西社会经济实践与理论发展的时空错位，近代中国无法直接移植西方经济思想与实践，为此近代中国经济学人展开了漫长的经济学中国化探索。文章按照时间线索，以近代中国新旧学术体系的嬗变和经济学研究主体的转变为依据，结合科学现代化与国家现代化的双重因素，将近代中国经济学探索与转型划分为格义、分野与自立三个阶段：“格义”对应着初始阶段，即传教士与传统知识分子以中国传统知识体系重述和移植西方的经济思想与实践；“分野”对应着发展阶段，即时人对经济学的新认识与探索主体的新转变为近代中国经济学从传统知识体系的“格义”版本转向现代学术话语的科学版本奠定了基础；“自立”对应着深化阶段，即新知识分子成为经济学研究的主力，推动经济学成为独立学科，并在本土研究与应用中逐渐形成构建“中国经济学”的自立诉求。研究显示：（1）经济学中国化是近代中国经济学发展的逻辑主线，科学现代化与国家现代化内外因素所带来的中西学术合流与分化是近代中国经济学探索的内在张力；（2）经济学中国化的深入开展道明“中国经济学”的缘由，“中国经济学”的探讨标志着近代中国经济学探索的深化，二者构成近代中国经济学的演化全景；（3）“中国经济学”的构建是科学现代化和国家现代化内外因素共同影响的结果，其实现有赖于学界在充分吸收古今中外经济思想的基础上，发掘中西发展时空错位的后发优势，直面时代共同话题，归纳提炼系统性的新理论，实现中国与经济学的互相成就。

关键词：经济学中国化; “中国经济学”; 格义; 分野; 自立

Summary: Because of the time and space dislocation of social economic practice and economic theory development, it seems impossible for modern China to directly transplant Western economic theories and economic practice unless the exploration of the sinicization of Western economic theories was carried out. Based on the transformation of academic discourse systems as well as economic researchers, as well as the influence of scientific modernization and national modernization, this paper divides the evolution of economics in modern China into three stages.（1）Isogesis（格义）responding to the initial stage, in which the missionaries and traditional advanced intellectuals tried to recapitulate and transplant the Western economic theories and practice in Chinese ways.（2）Division（分野）responding to the development phase, in which the modern academic version of the economic theories and practice was gradually accepted and became popular due to the transformation of the cognition and reflection on Western economics as well as the emergence of Chinese modern intellectuals.（3）Independence（自立）responding to the deepening stage, in which Chinese modern intellectuals took place of traditional intellectuals, and committed themselves to making breakthroughs and even innovation of economic theories on the basis of localization practice of Western economic theories, leading to the need for academic independence and the birth of the new idea of “Chinese Schools of Economics”.Through the above descriptions and analysis, we get the following conclusions: （1）The sinicization is the logical clue of the exploration of economics in modern China, and the convergence and divergence of economics in China and the West worked as the internal tension of the exploration of economics in modern China.（2）The new idea of “Chinese Schools of Economics” stemmed from the deeper level of the sinicization of economics, and became equal to the deepening sinicization.（3）Hence, the system construction of “Chinese Schools of Economics” is strongly influenced and framed by the needs of scientific modernization and national modernization.This paper mainly expands the existing research from the following three aspects: First, it links the initial stage of the sinicization of Western economic theories and the following stages which most researchers are relatively familiar with, so that it presents a complete picture of the development of economics in modern China. Second, by taking the interlacing effects of scientific modernization as well as national modernization into account, this paper tells us a new version of the story of the whole process of the sinicization of economics in modern China containing of three stages — isogesis, division and independence. Third, the new version of the story shows us the potential motivation of the sinicization and its transformation of Western economic theories in modern China, and offers us historical enlightenment for the continuous exploration of “Chinese Schools of Economics”.

Key words: the sinicization of Western economic theories; “Chinese Schools of Economics”; isogesis; division; independence

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.20200917.201

收稿日期：2020-5-16

基金项目：

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