「Part 5」2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。
We owe our achievements last year to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and the concerted efforts of the Party, the armed forces and Chinese people of all ethnic groups.
注：
A是B的结果-->把A归功于B
owe A to B
...坚强领导下
(under) the firm / strong leadership of ...
党中央
the Central Committee
习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
科学指引
the sound guidance
团结奋斗
the concerted efforts
全国各族人民
the Chinese people of all ethnic groups / the people of all ethnic groups in China
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。We owe our achievements last year to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the armed forces, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups.
我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！
On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express sincere gratitude to all our people, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society.
注：
国务院
the State Council
各民主党派
all other political parties
人民团体
people's organizations
各界人士
public figures from all sectors of society
表示诚挚感谢
express sincere gratitude
向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！
I express heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas.
注：
香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞
our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas
表示诚挚感谢
express heartfelt appreciation
向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！
I also wish to express heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations and friends across the world who have shown understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization.
注：
关心和支持中国现代化建设
show understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization
📍表示诚挚感谢
express heartfelt thanks
express sincere gratitude
express sincere appreciation
express heartfelt appreciation
express sincere thanks
「类似表述对比」
2020年报告：向关心支持中国现代化建设和抗击疫情的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！I also express sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world, who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to achieve modernization and in its fight against Covid-19.
📍正常一般只有“向关心支持中国现代化建设”（in its endeavor to achieve modernization）的朋友感谢，2020年多了抗击疫情（in its fight against Covid-19）的表述。而2016年报告中此处的“中国现代化建设”译为“in her endeavor to modernize”；(From: LearnAndRecord)
在肯定成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到面临的问题和挑战。
While recognizing our achievements, we are also very clear about the problems and challenges before us.
注：
肯定成绩
recognize (our) achievements
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：在肯定成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到面临的困难和挑战。While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware of the difficulties and challenges before us.
2020年报告：在肯定成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到面临的困难和问题。While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware of the difficulties and problems we face.
全球疫情仍在持续，
The Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing.
注：
仍在持续
be still ongoing
📍此处全球疫情用的是pandemic，the Covid-19 pandemic；2022年报告全文其他地方讲疫情均用epidemic：
1）宏观政策延续疫情发生以来行之有效的支持路径和做法。we have continued with the supportive macro-policy roadmaps and approaches that have proved effective since the epidemic began.
2）坚持外防输入、内防反弹，不断优化完善防控措施， To prevent inbound cases and domestic resurgences, we need to constantly refine epidemic containment measures,
3）加强口岸城市疫情防控，加大对病毒变异的研究和防范力度， strengthen epidemic controls in port-of-entry cities, step up efforts to study and protect against virus variants,
4）提高重大疫情监测预警、流调溯源和应急处置能力。and improve our capabilities for monitoring major epidemics and conducting early warning, epidemiological investigation and tracing, and emergency response.
世界经济复苏动力不足，
The world economic recovery lacks drive,
注：
世界经济复苏
The world economic recovery
动力不足-->缺乏动力
lack drive
大宗商品价格高位波动，
and commodity prices remain high and are prone to fluctuation.
注：
大宗商品价格
commodity prices
📍be prone to 表示“易于（受某事物影响或做某事）的”（To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.）举个🌰：
For all her experience as a television reporter, she was still prone to camera nerves.
尽管有丰富的做电视记者的经验，她仍然倾向于在镜头前紧张。
📍fluctuation表示“（价格、数量、水平等的）波动，起伏”（a change in a price, amount, level etc）举个🌰：
Prices are subject to fluctuation.
价格可能会有波动。
外部环境更趋复杂严峻和不确定。
All of this is making our external environment increasingly volatile, grave and uncertain.
注：
复杂严峻、不确定
volatile, grave and uncertain
📍表示“不稳定的；易变的；易怒的，喜怒无常的”（likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly or suddenly become violent or angry）举个🌰：
Food and fuel prices are very volatile in a war situation.
战争时期食品和燃料的价格极易波动。
我国经济发展面临需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力。
In pursing economic development, China is under the triple pressures of shrinking demand, disrupted supply and weakening expectations.
注：
三重压力
the triple pressures
需求收缩
shrinking demand
供给冲击
disrupted supply
预期转弱
weakening expectations
局部疫情时有发生。
Local Covid-19 cases are still occurring sporadically.
注：
（局部）疫情发生-->（局部）新冠病例出现
local Covid-19 cases are occurring.
📍sporadically /spəˈrædɪkli/ 表示“零星地；偶发地”（sometimes, but not regularly or continuously）举个🌰：
Though she likes to work, she has only done so sporadically.
虽然她喜欢工作，但也只是偶尔做做。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情下的经济拯救措施的文章中提到：Today these policies are being sporadically announced, and their implementation is uncertain. 现在这些政策都是零星宣布的，具体实施情况还不确定。
消费和投资恢复迟缓，
The recovery of consumption and investment is sluggish.
注：
📍sluggish /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ 表示“萧条的；迟钝的；行动缓慢的；迟缓的”（moving or operating more slowly than usual and with less energy or power）举个🌰：
The housing market has been very sluggish these past few years.
过去这几年房地产市场一直很萧条。
「类似表述对比」
2016年报告：投资增长乏力 Growth in investment is sluggish.
稳出口难度增大，
It is getting more difficult to maintain steady growth in exports,
注：
稳出口（增长）
maintain steady growth in exports
能源原材料供应仍然偏紧，
and the supply of energy resources and raw materials remains inadequate.
注：
能源
energy resources
原材料
raw materials
中小微企业、个体工商户生产经营困难，
Many MSMEs and self-employed individuals face difficulty in production and business operations,
注：
中小微企业
micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)
个体工商户
self-employed individuals
生产经营
production and business operations
稳就业任务更加艰巨。
and the task of stabilizing employment is more formidable.
注：
稳就业任务
the task of stabilizing employment
📍formidable /ˈfɔːmɪdəbəl/表示“可怕的；令人敬畏的；难对付的”（if people, things or situations are formidable, you feel fear and/or respect for them, because they are impressive or powerful, or because they seem very difficult）
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：防范化解金融等领域风险任务依然艰巨。In forestalling and defusing risks in the financial sector and other areas, we face formidable tasks.
关键领域创新支撑能力不强。
Our capacity to support innovation is lacking in key areas.
注：
创新支撑能力
(the) capacity to support innovation
一些地方财政收支矛盾加大，
The budgetary imbalances of some local governments have become more pronounced,
注：
收支矛盾
budgetary imbalances
📍pronounced表示“明显的；明确的”（very noticeable or certain）举个🌰：
She's a woman of very pronounced views which she is not afraid to air.
她是个从不讳言其观点的女人。
经济金融领域风险隐患较多。
and many potential risks are present in the economic and financial sectors.
注：
经济金融领域
the economic and financial sectors
民生领域还有不少短板。
In areas that are important to the public wellbeing, numerous issues need to be addressed.
注：
民生领域
areas that are important to the public wellbeing
还有不少短板
numerous issues need to be addressed / many weaknesses wait to be addressed.
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：民生领域还有不少短板。And many weaknesses in areas that are important to people's basic needs wait to be addressed.
政府工作存在不足，
There is also room for improvement in the work of government.
注：
...存在不足-->还有改进的空间
there is also room for improvement in ...
形式主义、官僚主义仍然突出，
Pointless formalities and bureaucratism remain an acute issue.
注：
形式主义、官僚主义
pointless formalities and bureaucratism
（问题）仍然突出
remain an acute issue
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：形式主义、官僚主义不同程度存在，Both pointless formalities and bureaucratism persist to varying degrees.
2020年报告：形式主义、官僚主义仍较突出，Pointless formalities and bureaucratism remain an acute issue.
脱离实际、违背群众意愿现象屡有发生，
Cases of becoming detached from reality and acting against the public will are still frequent.
注：
脱离实际
become detached from reality
违背群众意愿
act against the public will
有的在政策执行中采取“一刀切”、运动式做法。
Some local governments use one-size-fits-all or campaign-style approaches in policy implementation.
注：
“一刀切”
one-size-fits-all
运动式做法
campaign-style approaches
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：要力戒形式主义、官僚主义，切忌在工作中搞“一刀切”， We must guard against pointless formalities and bureaucratism and one-size-fits-all approaches in our work,
少数干部不担当、不作为、乱作为，
A small number of officials either shirk their responsibilities, fail to do their jobs, or behave irresponsibly.
注：
不担当、不作为、乱作为
shirk (their) responsibilities, fail to do (their) jobs, or behave irresponsibly.
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：少数干部不担当不作为不善为。A small number of officials fail to fulfill their responsibilities and are unwilling or unable to carry out their duties.
2020年报告：少数干部不作为、不会为。A small number of officials shirk their duties or are incapable of fulfilling them.
有的漠视严重侵害群众权益问题、工作严重失职失责。
Some officials, by disregarding serious infringements on the rights and interests of the people, have been derelict in their duties.
注：
严重侵害群众权益
serious infringements on the rights and interests of the people
工作严重失职失责
be derelict in (their) duties
📍disregard表示“不理会；不顾；漠视；对…置之不理”（to not consider sth; to treat sth as unimportant）举个🌰：
Safety rules were disregarded.
安全规定被忽视了。
一些领域腐败问题依然多发。
Corruption remains a common problem in some sectors.
注：
依然多发-->依然是个普遍问题
remain a common problem
我们要增强忧患意识，直面问题挑战，全力以赴做好工作，决不辜负人民期待！
We must be more mindful of potential difficulties, face problems and challenges squarely, make every effort to deliver a satisfactory performance, and do our utmost to live up to people’s expectations.
注：
增强忧患意识
be more mindful of potential difficulties
直面问题挑战
face problems and challenges squarely
全力以赴
make every effort to
全力以赴做好工作
make every effort to deliver a satisfactory performance
决不辜负人民期待
do our utmost to live up to people’s expectations
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：要居安思危，增强忧患意识，事不畏难、责不避险，有效防范化解各种风险隐患。We need to remain vigilant, be prepared for adversity, face difficulties squarely, and shoulder responsibility bravely to effectively prevent and defuse various risks and potential dangers.
2019年报告：思危方能居安。Only alertness to danger will ensure safety.
2018年报告：安不忘危，兴不忘忧。As the Chinese saying goes, when all is calm forget not danger; when all is well be awake to woes.
十九大报告：统筹发展和安全，增强忧患意识，做到居安思危，We should ensure both development and security and be ever ready to protect against potential dangers in time of peace.
二、2022年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向
II. Overall Requirements and Policy Orientation for Economic and Social Development in 2022
注：
总体要求
Overall Requirements
政策取向
Policy Orientation
今年将召开中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会，是党和国家事业发展进程中十分重要的一年。
This year is of great significance in the cause of the Party and the country, as the Communist Party of China will hold its 20th National Congress.
注：
中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会
the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
党和国家事业（发展进程）
the cause of the Party and the country
做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，
For the government to deliver, we must, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, do the following:
注：
...坚强领导下
(under) the firm / strong leadership of ...
党中央
the Party Central Committee
以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，
follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;
注：
习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
以...为指导
follow the guidance of
全面贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神，
implement the guiding principles of the Party’s 19th National Congress and all plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee;
注：
十九届历次全会
all plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee
...（会议）精神
the guiding principles of
弘扬伟大建党精神，
carry forward the great founding spirit of the Party;
注：
伟大建党精神
the great founding spirit of the Party
弘扬
carry forward
坚持稳中求进工作总基调，
act on the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;
注：
稳中求进
pursuing progress while ensuring stability
总基调
the general principle
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：以保促稳、稳中求进。By maintaining security, we were able to deliver stability while also pursuing progress.
2020年报告Part 2：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability
完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，
apply the new development philosophy in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor and move faster to create a new pattern of development;
注：
完整、准确、全面
in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor
新发展理念
the new development philosophy
新发展格局
a new pattern of development
全面深化改革开放，
deepen reform and opening up in all respects;
注：
全面
in all respects
坚持创新驱动发展，
pursue innovation-driven development;
注：
创新驱动发展
innovation-driven development
推动高质量发展，
promote high-quality development;
注：
高质量发展
high-quality development
坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，
advance supply-side structural reform as the main task;
注：
供给侧结构性改革
supply-side structural reform
统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，
respond to Covid-19 and pursue economic and social development in a well-coordinated way;
注：
疫情防控
respond to Covid-19
统筹
in a well-coordinated way
统筹发展和安全，
ensure both development and security;
注：
统筹A和B
ensure both A and B
继续做好“六稳”、“六保”工作，
continue to ensure stability on six key fronts and maintain security in six key areas;
注：
六稳
ensure stability on six key fronts
六保
maintain security in six key areas
📍“六稳”分别是：稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期 The six fronts refer to employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations.
📍“六保”分别是：保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体、保粮食能源安全、保产业链供应链稳定、保基层运转。The six areas refer to job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary-level governments.
持续改善民生，
keep working to improve people’s lives;
注：
改善民生
improve people’s lives
着力稳定宏观经济大盘，
strive to maintain stable macroeconomic performance;
保持经济运行在合理区间，
keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range; and
注：
保持经济运行在合理区间
keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：We will keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range,
2019年报告：The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range.
2018年报告：kept major indicators within an appropriate range.
2017年报告：thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.
2016年报告：The economy operated within an appropriate range.
2015年报告：“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range.
保持社会大局稳定，
maintain overall social stability.
注：
社会大局稳定
overall social stability
迎接党的二十大胜利召开。
These efforts will enable us to pave the way for a successful 20th National Party Congress.
注：
党的二十大
the 20th National Party Congress
迎接...
pave the way for ...
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