「Part 12」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
推动高质量共建“一带一路”。
We promoted high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.
坚持共商共建共享，遵循市场原则和国际通行规则，实施一批互联互通和产能合作项目，
We remained committed to achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, observed market principles and international rules, and carried out a number of projects to boost connectivity and industrial capacity cooperation.
注：
共商共建共享
achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration
市场原则和国际（通行）规则
market principles and international rules
产能合作
industrial capacity cooperation
「类似表述对比」
二十大报告：践行共商共建共享的全球治理观，It pursues a vision of global governance featuring shared growth through discussion and collaboration.
2020年报告Part 15：坚持共商共建共享 Staying committed to achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration.
2019年报告：坚持共商共建共享，遵循市场原则和国际通行规则， We will adhere to the principle of pursuing shared growth through discussion and collaboration and observe market principles and international rules.
2018年报告：坚持共商共建共享 We are committed to achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration,
2017年报告：坚持共商共建共享 Guided by the principle of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration,
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对沿线国家货物进出口额年均增长13.4%，各领域交流合作不断深化。
Imports and exports between China and other BRI countries increased at an annual rate of 13.4 percent, and exchanges and cooperation between China and these countries registered steady progress in a wide range of areas.
注：
交流合作
exchanges and cooperation
各领域
in a wide range of areas
📍政府工作报告中经常会出现这个词register，1）熟词僻义，表示“显示（读数）；记录”，英文解释为“if a measuring instrument registers an amount or sth registers an amount on a measuring instrument, the instrument shows or records that amount”举个🌰：The thermometer registered 25°C. 温度计显示读数为25摄氏度。
2）我们常见的含义是“（尤指把姓名）登记，注册”，英文解释为“to put information, especially your name, into an official list or record”举个🌰：
I registered the car in my name. 我把车登记在我的名下。
「类似表述对比」
2020年报告：先进制造业、现代服务业较快增长。Advanced manufacturing and modern services registered rapid growth.
2018年报告：国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%， China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent;
引导对外投资健康有序发展，加强境外风险防控。
We provided guidance which ensured sound and orderly development of outbound investment, and we strengthened overseas risk prevention and control.
注：
对外投资
outbound investment
健康有序发展
sound and orderly development
境外风险防控
overseas risk prevention and control
新签和升级6个自贸协定，与自贸伙伴货物进出口额占比从26%提升至35%左右。
Six free trade agreements were newly concluded or upgraded; and the share of trade with our free trade partners increased from 26 percent to around 35 percent of China’s total trade volume.
注：
自贸协定
free trade agreements
自贸伙伴
free trade partners
坚定维护多边贸易体制，反对贸易保护主义，
We remained firm in upholding the multilateral trading regime and opposed trade protectionism.
注：
多边贸易体制
the multilateral trading regime
贸易保护主义
trade protectionism
稳妥应对经贸摩擦，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。
We properly handled economic and trade frictions and promoted trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
注：
经贸摩擦
economic and trade frictions
促进...自由化便利化
promote ... liberalization and facilitation
「类似表述对比」
2020年报告Part 15：推动贸易和投资自由化便利化。We will promote liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment.
（八）加强生态环境保护，促进绿色低碳发展。
8. We strengthened environmental protection and pursued green and low-carbon development.
注：
绿色低碳发展
green and low-carbon development
坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，健全生态文明制度体系，处理好发展和保护的关系，不断提升可持续发展能力。
Staying true to the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, we improved systems of ecological conservation, struck a balance between development and conservation, and steadily built up our capacity for promoting sustainable development.
注：
绿水青山就是金山银山
lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets
生态文明制度体系
systems of ecological conservation
处理好发展和保护的关系
strike a balance between development and conservation
可持续发展
sustainable development
「类似表述对比」
二十大报告Part 27：必须牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展。We must uphold and act on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and we must remember to maintain harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development.
二十大报告Part 7：我们坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，- We have acted on the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
2018年报告：树立绿水青山就是金山银山理念，以前所未有的决心和力度加强生态环境保护。We have established the notion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and acted with resolve and intensity as never before to strengthen environmental protection.
加强污染治理和生态建设。
We strengthened pollution control and ecological conservation.
注：
污染治理和生态建设
pollution control and ecological conservation
坚持精准治污、科学治污、依法治污，深入推进污染防治攻坚。
Applying targeted, law-based, and science-driven approaches, we worked harder to prevent and control pollution.
注：
精准、依法、科学
targeted, law-based, and science-driven
污染防治
prevent and control pollution
「类似表述对比」
二十大报告Part 27：坚持精准治污、科学治污、依法治污，持续深入打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。We will continue to control pollution in a lawful, targeted, and science-based way, and we will make further efforts to keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean.
注重多污染物协同治理和区域联防联控，
We made major efforts to control multiple pollutants in a coordinated way and across all regions.
注：
协同
in a coordinated way
区域联防联控
control ... across all regions
「类似表述对比」
二十大报告Part 27：加强污染物协同控制，基本消除重污染天气。Pollutants will be controlled in a better-coordinated way, and we will basically eliminate serious air pollution.
地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比例达86.5%、上升4个百分点。
In cities at and above the prefectural level, air quality was good or excellent on 86.5% of the days over the past five years, a 4-percentage-point increase.
注：
地级及以上城市
cities at and above the prefectural level
基本消除地级及以上城市黑臭水体，
Black malodorous water bodies in cities at and above the prefectural level were generally cleaned up.
注：
黑臭水体
black malodorous water bodies
📍malodorous /ˌmælˈəʊ.dər.əs/ 表示“难闻的，恶臭的”，英文解释为“having an unpleasant smell”举个🌰：he town is built on a malodorous swamp. 该镇建在一片恶臭的沼泽地上。
推进重要河湖、近岸海域污染防治。
We intensified pollution prevention and control for major rivers, lakes, and offshore areas.
注：
重要河湖、近岸海域
major rivers, lakes, and offshore areas
污染防治
pollution prevention and control
加大土壤污染风险防控和修复力度，强化固体废物和新污染物治理。
We also strengthened efforts to prevent and control soil pollution risks and restore polluted soil, and stepped up the treatment of solid waste and new pollutants.
注：
土壤污染风险防控
prevent and control soil pollution risks
修复污染土壤
restore polluted soil
固体废物
solid waste
新污染物
new pollutants
治理
treatment
全面划定耕地和永久基本农田保护红线、生态保护红线和城镇开发边界。
We completed the tasks of drawing redlines to protect ecosystems, farmland, and permanent basic cropland and of delineating urban development boundaries.
注：
耕地
farmland
永久基本农田
permanent basic cropland
城镇开发边界
urban development boundaries
📍delineate /dɪˈlɪn.i.eɪt/ 表示“描述；勾勒”，英文解释为“to describe or mark the edge of something”举个🌰：The main characters are clearly delineated in the first chapter. 主要人物在第一章里得到了清晰的描述。
坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，
We promoted the conservation and improvement of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts in a holistic and systematic way.
注：
一体化和系统（化）
in a holistic and systematic way
山水林田湖草沙
mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：统筹山水林田湖草沙系统治理， and conduct in a coordinated way the conservation of mountain, river, forest, farmland, lake, grassland, and desert ecosystems.
二十大报告Part 27：我们要推进美丽中国建设，坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理， We will advance the Beautiful China Initiative and take a holistic and systematic approach to the conservation and improvement of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts.
二十大报告Part 7：坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，全方位、全地域、全过程加强生态环境保护， We have persisted with a holistic and systematic approach to conserving and improving mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert ecosystems, and we have ensured stronger ecological conservation and environmental protection across the board, in all regions, and at all times.
实施一批重大生态工程，全面推行河湖长制、林长制。
We launched major ecological projects and instituted systems of river, lake, and forest chiefs nationwide.
注：
重大生态工程
major ecological projects
河湖长制、林长制
systems of river, lake, and forest chiefs
深入实施长江流域重点水域十年禁渔。
The 10-year ban on fishing in key water bodies of the Yangtze River basin was fully enforced.
注：
长江流域
the Yangtze River basin
十年禁渔
the 10-year ban on fishing
重点水域
key water bodies
加强生物多样性保护。完善生态保护补偿制度。
Biodiversity protection was bolstered, and the system of compensation for ecological conservation was improved.
注：
生物多样性保护
biodiversity protection
生态保护补偿制度
the system of compensation for ecological conservation
森林覆盖率、湿地保护率分别达到24%、50%以上，
Forest coverage has risen to over 24 percent, and over 50 percent of all wetlands are now under protection.
水土流失、荒漠化、沙化土地面积分别净减少10.6万、3.8万、3.3万平方公里。
The area of land affected by soil erosion, desertification, and sandification was reduced by 106,000 square kilometers, 38,000 square kilometers, and 33,000 square kilometers, respectively.
注：
水土流失、荒漠化、沙化
soil erosion, desertification, sandification
土地面积
the area of land
人民群众越来越多享受到蓝天白云、绿水青山。
More and more, our people now enjoy blue skies, clear waters, and lush mountains.
注：
蓝天白云、绿水青山
blue skies, clear waters, and lush mountains
稳步推进节能降碳。
We made steady progress in energy conservation and carbon reduction.
注：
节能降碳
energy conservation and carbon reduction
统筹能源安全稳定供应和绿色低碳发展，
We both ensured a stable and secure energy supply and promoted green and low-carbon development.
注：
绿色低碳发展
green and low-carbon development
科学有序推进碳达峰碳中和。
We worked toward the targets of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality with well-conceived and systematic steps.
注：
科学有序
with well-conceived and systematic steps
碳达峰（二氧化碳排放峰值）
peak carbon emissions
碳中和
carbon neutrality
📍碳达峰，就是指在某一个时点，二氧化碳的排放不再增长达到峰值，之后逐步回落。中国承诺在2030年前，二氧化碳的排放不再增长，达到峰值之后再慢慢减下去。
📍碳中和是指国家、企业、产品、活动或个人在一定时间内直接或间接产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放总量，通过植树造林、节能减排等形式，以抵消自身产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放量，实现正负抵消，达到相对“零排放”。
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：有序推进碳达峰碳中和工作。We will take well-ordered steps to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. 落实碳达峰行动方案。The action plan for peaking carbon emissions will be put into effect.
2021年报告Part 16：扎实做好碳达峰、碳中和各项工作。We will take solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. 制定2030年前碳排放达峰行动方案。We will draw up an action plan for carbon emissions to peak by 2030.
优化能源结构，
The energy mix was further improved.
注：
能源结构
the energy mix
实现超低排放的煤电机组超过10.5亿千瓦，
Coal-fired generators with a total capacity of over 1.05 billion kilowatts achieved ultra-low emissions.
注：
煤电机组
coal-fired generators
超低排放
ultra-low emissions
可再生能源装机规模由6.5亿千瓦增至12亿千瓦以上，
Installed capacity of renewable power increased from 650 million kilowatts to more than 1.2 billion kilowatts.
注：
可再生能源装机规模
installed capacity of renewable power
清洁能源消费占比由20.8%上升到25%以上。
The share of clean energy in total energy consumption increased from 20.8 percent to over 25 percent.
注：
清洁能源
clean energy
全面加强资源节约工作，发展绿色产业和循环经济，促进节能环保技术和产品研发应用。
We made an all-embracing push to promote resource conservation, developed green sectors and a circular economy, and encouraged R&D and application of energy-saving and environmental protection technologies and products.
注：
发展绿色产业和循环经济
develop green sectors and a circular economy
节能环保技术
energy-saving and environmental protection technologies
研发应用
R&D and application
加强绿色发展金融支持。
Financial support for green development was scaled up.
注：
加强
scale up
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告：提升大规模核酸检测能力，We scaled up the capacity for conducting large-scale nucleic acid testing,
完善能耗考核方式。
Improvements were made to performance evaluations for energy consumption targets.
注：
能耗考核方式
performance evaluations for energy consumption targets
积极参与应对气候变化国际合作，为推动全球气候治理作出了中国贡献。
Internationally, China played an active part in cooperation on addressing climate change, contributing its part to global climate governance.
注：
应对气候变化
addressing climate change
全球气候治理
global climate governance
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2015年2月8日
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