「Part 17」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2023-05-05

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#政府工作报告笔记 76 个

#政府工作报告 43 个

二、对今年政府工作的建议

II. Recommendations for the Work of Government in 2023

今年是全面贯彻党的二十大精神的开局之年。

This year is the first year for fully implementing the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress.

注：

全面贯彻

fully implement

党的二十大精神

the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress

...（会议）精神

the guiding principles from/of

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年，The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect.

2022年报告Part 19：各级政府要全面贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神， we in government at all levels must fully act on the guiding principles from the Party’s 19th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee.

2022年报告Part 5：全面贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神， implement the guiding principles of the Party’s 19th National Congress and all plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee;

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↓↓↓ 随时随地啃报告 ↓↓↓

做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，

For the government to deliver, it is important, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to do the following:

注：

在...坚强领导下

under the strong leadership of

党中央

the Party Central Committee

以...为核心

with ... at its core

以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，

follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;

注：

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

以...为指导

follow the guidance of ...

全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神，

implement the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress;

按照中央经济工作会议部署，

act on the guidelines of the Central Economic Work Conference;

注：

中央经济工作会议

the Central Economic Work Conference

扎实推进中国式现代化，

make solid progress in advancing Chinese modernization;

注：

推进中国式现代化

advancing Chinese modernization

坚持稳中求进工作总基调，

act on the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;

注：

稳中求进

pursuing progress while ensuring stability

（工作）总基调

the general principle

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 3：坚持稳中求进工作总基调， We stayed true to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability.

2022年报告：今年工作要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进。In our work this year, we must make economic stability our top priority and pursue progress while ensuring stability.

2021年报告：以保促稳、稳中求进。By maintaining security, we were able to deliver stability while also pursuing progress.

2020年报告Part 2：坚持稳中求进工作总基调，We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

2018年报告：（一）坚持稳中求进工作总基调，First, with a commitment to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability,

完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，

fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts and move faster to create a new pattern of development;

注：

完整、准确

fully and faithfully

全面

on all fronts

新发展理念

the new development philosophy

构建新发展格局

create a new pattern of development

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 3：完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展，统筹发展和安全， We fully and faithfully applied the new development philosophy on all fronts, worked to create a new pattern of development, promoted high-quality development, and ensured both development and security.

2022年报告：完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展，扎实做好各项工作。apply the new development philosophy in full, in the right way, and in all fields of endeavor, move faster to create a new pattern of development, and promote high-quality development, so as to deliver solid outcomes in all areas of our work.

2021年报告：加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展，and accelerate our efforts to create a new development pattern to promote high-quality development.

2021年报告：把新发展理念完整、准确、全面贯穿发展全过程和各领域，and ensure it is applied in full, in both letter and spirit, in every stage and aspect of development.

着力推动高质量发展，

promote high-quality development;

更好统筹国内国际两个大局，

give full consideration to both domestic and international imperatives;

注：

📍imperative 1）作形容词，表示“至关重要的；紧急的；迫切的”，英文解释为“If it is imperative that something be done, that thing is extremely important and must be done.”，举个🌰：It was imperative that he act as naturally as possible. 至关重要的是他要尽可能地自然行事。

2）作名词，表示“重要紧急的事；必要的事；需要”，英文解释为“a thing that is very important and needs immediate attention or action”。

更好统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，

respond to Covid-19 and pursue economic and social development in a more coordinated way;

注：

更好统筹

in a more coordinated way

更好统筹发展和安全，

better ensure development and security;

全面深化改革开放，

deepen reform and opening up in all respects;

大力提振市场信心，

boost market confidence;

注：

📍boost 可以作名词也可以作动词，表示“改善；提高；增强；推动”，英文解释为“to improve or increase something”举个🌰：The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices. 剧院设法通过降低票价来增加观众数量。

把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来，

pursue the strategy of expanding domestic demand and deepen supply-side structural reform;

注：

扩大内需战略

the strategy of expanding domestic demand

深化供给侧结构性改革

deepen supply-side structural reform

突出做好稳增长、稳就业、稳物价工作，

give priority to ensuring stable growth, employment, and prices;

注：

稳增长、稳就业、稳物价

ensuring stable growth, employment, and prices

有效防范化解重大风险，

effectively prevent and defuse major risks;

注：

防范化解重大风险

prevent and defuse major risks

📍defuse /ˌdiːˈfjuːz/ 表示“缓和；平息”，英文解释为“to make a difficult or dangerous situation calmer by reducing or removing its cause”举个🌰：The two groups will meet next week to try to defuse the crisis/situation/tension. 双方将于下周会面以求缓和危机/局面/紧张局势。

推动经济运行整体好转，

promote a full economic recovery;

实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长，

effectively pursue higher-quality growth and appropriately increase economic output;

持续改善民生，保持社会大局稳定，

keep working to improve people's lives; and maintain overall social stability.

注：

改善民生

improve people's lives

保持社会大局稳定

maintain overall social stability

为全面建设社会主义现代化国家开好局起好步。

These efforts will set the stage for building a modern socialist country in all respects.

注：

全面建设社会主义现代化国家

building a modern socialist country in all respects

开好局起好步

set the stage

今年发展主要预期目标是：

The main projected targets for development this year are as follows:

注：

主要预期目标

the main projected targets

国内生产总值增长5%左右；

GDP growth of around 5 percent;

注：

国内生产总值

gross domestic product (GDP)

城镇新增就业1200万人左右，

around 12 million new urban jobs;

城镇调查失业率5.5%左右；

surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent;

注：

城镇调查失业率

surveyed urban unemployment rate

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；

CPI increase of around 3 percent;

注：

居民消费价格

the consumer price index (CPI)

📍也称消费者物价指数/居民消费价格指数。(From: LearnAndRecord)

居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步；

growth in personal income that is generally in step with economic growth;

注：

居民收入增长

growth in personal income

与...基本同步

be generally in step with

进出口促稳提质，国际收支基本平衡；

steady increases in both the volume and quality of imports and exports; a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments;

注：

进出口

imports and exports

国际收支基本平衡

a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

📍equilibrium /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm/ 表示“平衡；均衡”（a balance between different people, groups, or forces that compete with each other, so that none is stronger than the others and a situation is not likely to change suddenly）举个🌰：Any disturbance to the body's state of equilibrium can produce stress.对身体平衡状态的任何干扰都可能产生压力。

粮食产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上；

grain output of over 650 million metric tons;

注：

粮食产量

grain output

📍metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）

📍注意单位的换算：

1公吨 = 1000公斤，1斤 = 0.5公斤

1.3万亿斤 = 1300000000000斤 = 650000000000公斤 = 650000000公吨（metric tons）= 650 million metric tons

单位国内生产总值能耗和主要污染物排放量继续下降，重点控制化石能源消费，

continued reductions in energy consumption per unit of GDP and in the discharge of major pollutants, with priority on controlling fossil fuel consumption;

注：

单位国内生产总值能耗

energy consumption per unit of GDP

主要污染物排放量

the discharge of major pollutants

化石能源消费

fossil fuel consumption

生态环境质量稳定改善。

and steady improvements in the quality of the eco-environment.

注：

生态环境质量

the quality of the eco-environment

要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进，

This year, it is essential to prioritize economic stability and pursue progress while ensuring stability.

注：

稳中求进

pursue progress while ensuring stability

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：今年工作要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进。In our work this year, we must make economic stability our top priority and pursue progress while ensuring stability.

保持政策连续性针对性，加强各类政策协调配合，形成共促高质量发展合力。

Policies should be kept consistent and targeted, and they should be carried out in more coordinated way to create synergy for high-quality development.

注：

📍synergy /ˈsɪnədʒɪ/表示“协同作用，协同增效作用“，英文解释为“the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people or companies working together, instead of on their own”。

积极的财政政策要加力提效。

We should enhance the intensity and effectiveness of our proactive fiscal policy.

注：

积极的财政政策

proactive fiscal policy

加力提效

enhance the intensity and effectiveness

赤字率拟按3%安排。

A deficit-to-GDP ratio of 3 percent has been projected for this year.

注：

赤字率

the deficit-to-GDP ratio

📍赤字率表示的是一定时期内财政赤字额与同期国民生产总值之间的比例关系。财政赤字是指财政支出超过财政收入的部分。

完善税费优惠政策，对现行减税降费、退税缓税等措施，该延续的延续，该优化的优化。

We should improve preferential tax and fee policies, and extend and further refine policies on tax and fee cuts, tax rebates, and tax deferrals as the situation requires.

注：

税费优惠政策

preferential tax and fee policies

减税降费

tax and fee cuts

退税

tax rebates

缓税

tax deferrals

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：实施境外投资者境内利润再投资递延纳税。Overseas investors will be granted tax deferral for the reinvestment of profit made in China.

2023年报告：加大出口退税、信保、信贷等政策支持力度，企业出口退税办理时间压缩至6个工作日以内。We intensified policy support in terms of export tax rebates, credit insurance, and credit loans and cut the time for processing export tax rebates to less than six working days.

📍rebate /ˈriː.beɪt/ 表示“（尤指政府返还的）部分退款”，英文解释为“an amount of money that is returned to you, especially by the government, for example when you have paid too much tax”如：a tax rebate 退还部分税款。

📍deferral /dɪˈfɜː.rəl/ = deferment /dɪˈfɜː.mənt/ 表示“延期，使延缓，推迟”，英文解释为“the act of delaying something until a later time, or an occasion when something is delayed until a later time”举个🌰：I was granted a deferment on my education loans. 我获得批准，延期偿还教育贷款。

做好基层“三保”工作。

We should see that at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salary payments are ensured, and normal government functioning is maintained.

注：

“三保”

basic living needs are met, salary payments are ensured, and normal government functioning is maintained

📍三保，指的是保基本民生、保工资、保运转支出。

稳健的货币政策要精准有力。

We should do more to implement a prudent monetary policy in a targeted way.

注：

稳健的货币政策

a prudent monetary policy

精准

in a targeted way

保持广义货币供应量和社会融资规模增速同名义经济增速基本匹配，支持实体经济发展。

The M2 money supply and aggregate financing should increase generally in step with nominal economic growth to provide support for the real economy.

注：

广义货币供应量

the M2 money supply

（社会）融资规模

aggregate financing

名义经济增速

nominal economic growth

实体经济

the real economy

📍 广义货币是一个经济学概念，和狭义货币相对应，货币供给的一种形式或口径，以M2来表示。

保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

The RMB exchange rate should be kept generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

注：

人民币汇率

the RMB exchange rate

在合理均衡水平上

at an adaptive, balanced level

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 6：人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上弹性增强、保持基本稳定。We saw that the RMB exchange rate floated with greater flexibility at an adaptive, balanced level while remaining generally stable.

2022年报告：保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。The RMB exchange rate will be kept generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

2021年报告：保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。We will also keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

2020年报告：保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。We will keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level.

产业政策要发展和安全并举。

In adopting industrial policies, we should give consideration to both development and security imperatives.

注：

发展和安全并举

give consideration to both development and security imperatives

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告：坚持阶段性措施和制度性安排相结合，减税与退税并举。We will continue to take temporary steps and institutional measures and apply policies for both tax reductions and refunds.

2022年报告：多措并举稳定外贸。We will adopt a package of steps to stabilize foreign trade.

2021年报告Part 14：多措并举扩大油料生产。We will adopt multiple measures to expand the production of oil-bearing crops,

2020年报告Part 12：要多措并举扩消费，适应群众多元化需求。We will apply a combination of measures to boost consumption and meet diverse demand among consumers.

促进传统产业改造升级，培育壮大战略性新兴产业，着力补强产业链薄弱环节。

We should promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate and strengthen strategic emerging industries, and take forceful steps to shore up weak links in industrial chains.

注：

战略性新兴产业

strategic emerging industries

着力

take forceful steps to

产业链

industrial chains

补强/加强薄弱环节

shore up weak links

科技政策要聚焦自立自强。

Scientific and technological policies should aim at building up our country's strength and self-reliance in science and technology.

注：

自立自强

building up one's strength and self-reliance

完善新型举国体制，发挥好政府在关键核心技术攻关中的组织作用，突出企业科技创新主体地位。

The new system for mobilizing resources nationwide should be improved, we should better leverage the role of the government in pooling resources to make key technological breakthroughs, and enterprises should be the principal actors in innovation.

注：

新型举国体制

the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide

组织（集中[调配]资源）

pooling resources

创新主体地位

the principal actors in innovation

📍举国体制是特殊的资源配置与组织方式，由政府统筹调配全国资源力量，达成相应目标任务。

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告：构建新型举国体制，组建国家实验室，分批推进全国重点实验室重组。We established a new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs, opened a number of national laboratories, and reorganized key national laboratories in several batches.

二十大报告：健全新型举国体制，We will improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs.

社会政策要兜牢民生底线。

Social policies should meet basic living needs.

注：

兜牢民生底线

meet basic living needs

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 18：加强民生兜底保障和遇困群众救助，努力做到应保尽保、应助尽助。 We will do more to meet the people’s basic needs, strengthen assistance to people in difficulty, and ensure that our social safety net provides support and assistance to everyone who needs it.

2021年报告Part 17：坚决兜住民生底线。We are fully determined to ensure that the basic living needs of all our people are met.

2020年报告Part 14：强化兜底保障。We will work harder to ensure that the basic needs of the poor population are met.

2020年报告Part 16：面对困难，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢，群众关切的事情要努力办好。Despite the difficulties we face, we must unfailingly meet the basic living needs of our people and address issues of public concern.

2020年报告Part 7：加强重大风险防控，坚决守住不发生系统性风险底线。Strong prevention and control measures will be taken to forestall systemic risks.

2019年报告：基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢 ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met

2018年报告：强化民生兜底保障。We will strengthen efforts to meet people's basic living needs.

2015年报告：兜底线 ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need

落实落细就业优先政策，把促进青年特别是高校毕业生就业工作摆在更加突出的位置，切实保障好基本民生。

To effectively ensure people's basic wellbeing, we should take concrete measures to fully implement the employment-first policy and place a higher priority on promoting the employment of young people, particularly college graduates.

注：

切实保障好基本民生

effectively ensure people's basic wellbeing

就业优先政策

the employment-first policy

高校毕业生

college graduates

把...摆在更加突出的位置

place a higher priority on

当前我国疫情防控已进入“乙类乙管”常态化防控阶段，

China has entered a phase of regular Covid-19 response, in which prevention and control measures for Class B infectious diseases are applied.

注：

乙类

Class B infectious diseases

📍按照我国《传染病防治法》的规定，传染病分为甲类、乙类、丙类，以及其他传染病。根据法律的规定，虽然把新冠定为乙类传染病，但参照甲类传染病进行管理。后调回到“乙类乙管”。

要更加科学、精准、高效做好防控工作，

We must ensure our response is well-conceived, more targeted, and more effective.

注：

更加科学、精准、高效

well-conceived, more targeted, and more effective

围绕保健康、防重症，重点做好老年人、儿童、患基础性疾病群体的疫情防控和医疗救治，

We should protect people's health and prevent severe cases, with an emphasis on prevention and treatment for the elderly, children, and people with underlying medical conditions.

注：

保健康、防重症

protect people's health and prevent severe cases

患基础性疾病群体

people with underlying medical conditions

推进疫苗迭代升级和新药研制，

Covid-19 vaccines should be upgraded and new drugs should be developed.

切实保障群众就医用药需求，守护好人民生命安全和身体健康。

We should ensure people's access to medicines and medical services to protect their lives and health.

注：

保障群众就医用药需求

ensure people's access to medicines and medical services